From Neural Activity to Field Topology: How Coupling Kernels Shape Consciousness

This post aims to communicate a simple yet powerful idea: if you have a system of coupled oscillators controlled by a coupling kernel, you can use it to not only “tune into resonant modes” of the system, but also as a point of leverage to control the topological structure of the fields interacting with the oscillators.

This might be a way to explain how topological boundaries are mediated by neuronal activity, which in turn can be modulated by drugs/neurotransmitter concentrations, and in this way provide a link between neurochemistry and the topological structure of experience. Two things fall out of this: First, we might have the conceptual tools to link the creation of global topological boundaries (which at QRI we postulate are what separates a moment of experience from the rest of the universe) and neural activity. And second, in turn, we might have the ability to explain as well the way changes in oscillator/neural activity give rise to differently internally structured topologies (which together with a way of interpreting the mapping between topology of a field and its phenomenology) can help us explain things like the phenomenological differences between states of consciousness triggered by the ingestion of drugs as different as DMT and 5-MeO-DMT. In other words, this post is pointing at how we can get topological structure out of oscillatory activity – and thus explain how conscious boundaries (both local and global) are modulated both natively and through neuropharmacological interventions. It’s an algorithmic reduction with potentially very large explanatory power in the realm of consciousness research that only now is becoming conceptually accessible thanks to years of research and development at QRI.

Let’s start with a Big Picture Summary of the framework:

QRI aims to develop a holistic theoretical framework for consciousness. This latest iteration aims to integrate electromagnetic field theories of consciousness, connectome-specific harmonic waves, coupling kernels, and field topology in a way that might be capable of providing both explanatory and predictive power in the realm of phenomenology and its connection to biology. While this is an evolving framework, I see a lot of value in sharing the general idea (the “big picture”) we have at the moment to start informing the community and collaborators about how we’re thinking about unifying frameworks for understanding consciousness at the moment. The core elements of the Big Picture are:

  • Coupling Kernels as Neural-Global Bridge: The coupling kernel serves as a critical bridge between local neural circuitry and global brain-wide behavior. As demonstrated in Marco Aqil‘s work, when scaling up from neural microcircuits, the power distribution across different system harmonics can be modulated through coupling kernel parameters. This is something we arrived at independently last year in a very empirical and hands-on way, but Marco’s precise mathematical framework provides a solid theoretical foundation for this connection.
  • Geometric Constraints on Coupling Effects: The underlying geometry of a system fundamentally shapes how coupling kernels manifest their effects: resonant modes accessible through coupling kernels differ significantly between scale-free and geometric networks. Within geometric networks, specific geometries and dimensionalities generate characteristic resonant patterns. Thus, a single “high level” effect like a change in coupling kernel can have a wide range of different effects depending on the type of network/system to which it is applied.
  • Network Geometry Interactions and Projective Intelligence: A fundamental computational principle emerges from the interaction between networks of different geometries/topologies. This underlies “projective intelligence” (or more broadly, mapping/functional intelligence) – as exemplified by the interaction between the 2D visual field and 3D somatic field.
  • Topological Solution to the Boundary Problem: The topological solution to the boundary problem elucidates how physically “hard” boundaries with causal significance and holistic behavior could explain the segmentation of consciousness into discrete experiential moments.
  • Internal Topology and Phenomenology: The internal topological complexity within a globally segmented topological field pocket may determine its phenomenology – specifically, the field’s topological defects might establish the boundary conditions.
  • 5-MeO-DMT and Topological Simplification: 5-MeO-DMT experiences demonstrate phenomenological topological simplification as documented by Cube Flipper and other HEART members.
  • Coupling Kernels and Field Topology: Coupling kernels applied to electric oscillators can modulate field topology (observable in the vortices and anti-vortices of the magnetic field containing the electric oscillators, which you can see in the simulations below).
  • DMT vs 5-MeO-DMT Effects: This framework offers an explanation for the characteristic effects of DMT and 5-MeO-DMT: DMT generates competing coherence clusters and multiple simultaneous observer perspectives – interpretable as topological complexification within the pocket. Conversely, 5-MeO-DMT induces simplification where boundaries mutually cancel, ultimately producing experiences characterized by a single large pinwheel and the dissolution of topological defects (as in cessation states).
  • Paths and Experience: The Path Integral of Perspectives – The final theoretical component suggests that the subjective experience of a topological pocket emerges from “the superposition of all possible paths” within it. The topological simplicity of 5-MeO-DMT states may generate an “all things at once” quality due to the absence of internal boundaries constraining the state. In contrast, DMT’s complex internal topology results in each topological defect functioning as an observer, creating the sensation of multiple entities.

We’re currently developing empirical paradigms to test these frameworks, including psychophysics studies and simulations of brain activity to reconstruct behavior observed through neuroimaging. These ideas are fresh and need a lot of work to be validated and integrated into mainstream science, but we see a path forward and we’re excited to get there.

Now let’s dive into these components and explain them more fully:

0. What’s a Coupling Kernel?

The core concept vis-à-vis QRI was introduced in Cessation states: Computer simulations, phenomenological assessments, and EMF theories (Percy, Gómez-Emilsson, & Fakhri, 2024), where we provided a novel conceptual framework to make sense of meditative cessations (i.e. brief moments at high levels of concentration where “everything disappears”). Coupling kernels was part of the conceptual machinery that allowed us to propose a model for cessations, but it is worth mentioning that it stands on its own as a neat tool that bridges low-level connectivity and high-level resonance in systems of coupled oscillators. The core concept is: in a system of coupled oscillators with a distance function for each pair of oscillators, a coupling kernel is a set of parameters that tells you what the coupling coefficient should be as a function of this distance. I independently arrived at this idea (which others have explored in the past to an extent) during the Canada HEART retreat in order to explain a wide range of phenomenological observations derived from meditative and psychedelic states of consciousness. In particular, we wanted to have a simple algorithmic reduction to be able to explain the divergent effects of DMT and 5-MeO-DMT: the former seems to trigger “competing clusters of coherence” in sensory fields, whereas the latter seems to pull the entire system to a state of global coherence (in a dose-dependent way). Thinking of systems of coupled oscillators, I hypothesized that perhaps DMT induces a sort of alternative coupling kernel (where immediate neighbors want to be as different as possible from each other, whereas neighbors a little further apart want to be similar) while 5-MeO-DMT might instantiate a general “positive kernel” where oscillators all want to be in phase regardless of relative distance. We are in the process of developing empirical paradigms to validate this framework, so please take this with a grain of salt; the paradigm is currently in early developmental stages, but it is nonetheless worth sharing for the reasons I mentioned already (bringing collaborators up to speed and getting the community to start thinking in this new way).

As demonstrated in our work “Towards Computational Simulations of Cessation“, see how a flat “coupling kernel” triggers a global attractor of coherence across the entire system, whereas an alternating negative-positive (Mexican hat-like) kernel produces competing clusters of coherence. This is just a very high-level and abstract demonstration of a change in the dynamic behavior of coupled oscillators by applying a coupling kernel. What we then must do is to see how such a change would impact different systems in the organism as a whole.
Source

It is worth mentioning that in all of our simulations we also add a “small world” lever. The way this one is constructed is as follows: at the start of the simulation, for each oscillator we select two other oscillators at random and wire them to it. The lever controls the coupling constant between each oscillator and the two randomly chosen oscillators assigned to it. In graph theory, this kind of network architecture is often called a “small-world network” because the diameter of the graph quickly collapses as you add more random connections (and in our case, the system synchronizes as you add a positive coupling constant in for these connections). In practice, while the distance-based coupling kernel tunes into resonant modes (traveling waves, checkerboard patterns, etc. as we will see below), the small-world coupling constant adds a kind of geometric noise (when negative) and a global phase to which all oscillators can easily synchronize to (when positive). In effect, we suspect that small-world network-like neural wiring might be responsible for things like dysphoric seizures (due to high level of synchrony coupled with geometric irregularity causing intense dissonance) and disruption of consonant traveling waves (e.g. as a way to modulate anxiety). The phenomenology of being hungover or of experiencing benzo withdrawal might have something to do with an overactive negative small world network coupling constant.

1. Coupling Kernels as Neural-Global Bridge

One of the early simulations that I coded would analyze in real time the Discrete Cosine Transform that the effect of coupling kernels have on a 2D system of oscillators. Intuitively, I knew that the shape of the kernel clearly selected for specific resonant modes of the entire system, but seeing in real time how robust this effect was made me think there probably was a deep mathematical reason behind it. Indeed, as you can see in the below animations, the kernel shape can select checkerboard patterns, traveling waves, and even large pinwheels, all of which have characteristic spatial frequencies that are easily noted in the DCT of the plate of oscillators.

The animations above show: coupling kernel for a 2D system of coupled oscillators, shown on the top-left quadrant. Top-right quadrant is the Discrete Cosine Transform of the 2D plate of oscillators. Bottom-left is a temporal low-pass filter on the DCT. Bottom-right is a temporal high-pass filter on the DCT. Source: Internal QRI tool (public release forthcoming)

In November of last year at a QRI work retreat we stumbled upon two key frameworks that directly address these concepts in the research of Marco Aqil. Namely, CHAOSS (Connectome-Harmonic Analysis Of Spatiotemporal Spectra) and Divisive Normalization. In those works we find how the coupling kernel serves as the critical bridge between local neural activity and global brain-wide behavior. This connection emerges from deep mathematical principles explored in the CHAOSS framework. As we scale up from individual neural circuits to larger networks, the distribution of power across different harmonics of the system becomes accessible through modulation of the coupling kernel. CHAOSS reveals how the eigenmodes (in this case corresponding to “connectome harmonics”) of our structural wiring give rise to global patterns of brain activity. When provided appropriate coupling parameters, neural systems resonate with specific structural frequencies, producing macroscopic standing waves that unify and reorganize local activation patterns.

The link between molecular mechanisms and coupling kernels becomes particularly clear through divisive normalization. This canonical neural computation principle describes how a neuron’s response to input is modulated by the activity of surrounding neurons through specific molecular pathways. Different receptor systems (like 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A) can alter these normalization circuits in characteristic ways (perhaps ultimately explaining the implementation-level effects discussed in Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors (2017, Carhart-Harris, Nutt)). When we map this to our coupling kernel framework, we see that changes in divisive normalization directly translate to changes in the coupling kernel’s shape. For instance, 5-HT2A activation might enhance local inhibition while simultaneously strengthening medium-range excitation, creating the alternating positive-negative coupling pattern characteristic of DMT states. Conversely, 5-HT1A activation might promote more uniform positive coupling across distances, explaining 5-MeO-DMT’s tendency toward global coherence. This provides a concrete mechanistic bridge from receptor activation to field topology: receptor binding → altered divisive normalization → modified coupling kernel → changed field topology. It’s a beautiful example of how a relatively simple molecular change can propagate through multiple scales to create profound alterations in consciousness.

In the CHAOSS framework, each brain region and pathway is represented as a node and edge on a distance-weighted graph. The framework applies spatiotemporal graph filters that act as coupling kernels, encoding how each node influences and is influenced by its neighbors across multiple time scales. By systematically adjusting parameters for excitatory and inhibitory interactions, we can effectively “scan” the connectome’s harmonic space: certain configurations produce stable resonance, others generate traveling waves or chaotic patterns, and some configurations may induce boundary-dissolving states that might prevent the formation of gestalts, and so on. The point being that it can be rigorously shown that in a system of coupled oscillators, a spatial (or temporal) coupling kernel can effectively “tune into” global resonant modes of the entire system.

At the very lowest-level, Marco’s work on Divisive Normalization suggests that there is a mode of canonical neural computation, where the response from a population of neurons to a given input signal is mediated by the surrounding context, a circuit that involves neurons that respond to different neurotransmitter systems. In particular, here we have a bridge that links the very low-level neural circuits to the coupling kernels, which in turn excites specific harmonic resonant modes of the entire system. In other words, the coupling kernel is a sort of intermediate “meso-level” structure that provides system-wide dynamic control of resonance and can be derived as a function of the balance between different neuronal populations that respond to specific neurotransmitters (learn more).

The result of encountering this research is that we now have a crisp conceptual explanation for how coupling kernels might arise (and be controlled by) low-level circuitry, and also why (in a mathematically rigorous way) such kernels can tune into global resonant modes. It therefore starts to look like there is a potentially highly rigorous link between the insights that come from QRI’s Think Tank “taking phenomenology seriously” approach and the current leading academic theories of how drugs affect perception.

2. Geometric Constraints on Coupling Effects

With the above said, the human organism is really complex, and so it is natural to ask: where exactly does the coupling kernel apply to? As argued recently we propose that it would be highly parsimonious if the coupling kernel applied to a range of systems at the same time: the visual cortex, the auditory cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the peripheral nervous system, and even the vasculature. Here the conceptual framework would say that a given drug might change the way low-level circuitry results in divisive normalization with specific constants, and that this change is applied to a wide range of systems. When you take LSD you get a characteristic “vibrational pattern” that might be present in, say, both the vascular system and the visual cortex at the same time. The underlying change is very simple, but the resulting effect is system-dependent due to the characteristic geometry and topology of each subsystem that is affected.

I think that a key insight we ought to work with is that the geometry of the system on which a coupling kernel operates fundamentally determines its high-level effects. A particularly striking example of how geometry shapes coupling kernel effects can be seen in the contrast between the visual cortex and the vasculature system. The visual cortex, organized as a hierarchical geometric network with distinct layers and columnar organization, responds to coupling kernels in ways that reflect its structural hierarchy. When a DMT-like kernel (alternating positive-negative coupling constants) is applied, it generates competing clusters of coherence at different scales of the hierarchy. This manifests phenomenologically as the characteristic layered, fractal-like visual patterns reported in DMT experiences, where similar motifs appear nested at multiple scales. In contrast, a 5-MeO-DMT-like kernel (uniformly positive coupling) drives the hierarchical network toward global synchronization, potentially contributing to the reported dissolution of visual structure in 5-MeO-DMT experiences.

Simulation comparing coupling kernels across a hierarchical network of feature-selective layers (16×16 to 2×2), showing how different coupling coefficients between and within layers affect pattern formation. The DMT-like kernel (-1.0 near-neighbor coupling) generates competing checkerboard patterns at multiple spatial frequencies, while the 5-MeO-DMT-like kernel (positive coupling coefficients) drives convergence toward larger coherent patches. These distinct coupling dynamics mirror how these compounds might modulate hierarchical neural architectures like the visual cortex.
Source: Internal QRI tool (public release forthcoming)

The vasculature system, on the other hand, exemplifies a scale-free network with its branching architecture. Here, the same coupling kernels produce markedly different effects. In the vasculature, a DMT-like kernel would tend to create competing clusters of coherence primarily at bifurcation points, where vessels branch. This could explain some of the characteristic bodily sensations reported during DMT experiences, such as the feeling of energy concentrating at specific points in the body. When a 5-MeO-DMT-like kernel is applied to this scale-free network, it drives the entire system toward global phase synchronization, potentially contributing to the reports of profound bodily dissolution and unity experiences (cf. when you experience a dysphoric 5-MeO-DMT response oftentimes this can be traced to a mostly coherent but slightly off pattern of flow, where “energy” strongly aggregates in a specific point, cf. Arataki’s Guide to 5-MeO-DMT).

Simulation comparing different coupling kernels (DMT-like vs 5-MeO-DMT-like) applied to a 1.5D fractal branching network, showing how modified coupling parameters affect phase coherence and signal propagation. The DMT-like kernel produces competing clusters of coherence at bifurcation points, while the 5-MeO-DMT kernel drives the system toward global phase synchronization – patterns that could explain how these compounds differently affect branching biological systems like the vasculature or peripheral nervous system.
Source: Internal QRI tool (public release forthcoming)

This framework helps explain how a single pharmacological intervention, by modifying coupling kernels through changes in divisive normalization, can produce such diverse phenomenological effects across different biological systems. The geometry of each system acts as a filter, transforming the same basic change in coupling parameters into system-specific resonant patterns. This provides a unified explanation for how psychedelics can simultaneously affect visual perception, bodily sensation, and cognitive processes, while maintaining characteristic differences between compounds based on their specific coupling kernel signatures.

The notion of a continuous graph-based system dissolves traditional distinctions between regional oscillator networks and global wave phenomena into a single multifaceted gem of coupled states. By shaping coupling kernels, we effectively tune into specific connectome harmonics, instantiating global resonant modes that underlie everything from coherent sensory integration to altered states of consciousness.

3. Network Geometry Interactions and Projective Intelligence

A fundamental computational principle emerges from the interaction between networks of different geometries and topologies. This principle underlies what we might call “projective intelligence” or more broadly, mapping/functional intelligence. The interaction between the 2D visual field and 3D somatic field provides a prime example of this principle in action.

Consider how we understand a complex three-dimensional object like a teapot. Our visual system receives a 2D projection, but we comprehend the object’s full 3D structure through an intricate dance between visual and somatic representations. As we observe the teapot from different angles, our visual system detects various symmetries and patterns in the 2D projections: perhaps the circular rim of the spout, the elliptical body, the handle’s curve. These 2D patterns, processed through the visual cortex’s hierarchical geometric network, generate characteristic resonant modes. Simultaneously, our somatic system maintains a 3D spatial representation where we can “map” these detected symmetries. The brain effectively “paints” the symmetries found in the 2D visual field onto the 3D somatic representation, creating a rich multi-modal representation of the object.

This process involves multiple parallel mappings between sensory fields, each governed by its own coupling kernel. The visual field might have one kernel that helps identify continuous contours, while another kernel in the somatic field maintains spatial relationships. These kernels can synchronize or “meet in resonance” when the mappings between fields align correctly, giving rise to stable multimodal representations. When we grasp the teapot, for instance, the tactile feedback generates somatic resonant modes that match our visually-derived expectations, reinforcing our understanding of the object’s structure (many thanks to Wystan, Roger, Cube Flipper, and Arataki for many discussions on this topic and their original contributions thereof – the fact that visual sensations devoid of somatic coupling have a very different quality in particular was a brilliant observation by Roger that fomented a lot of insights in our sphere).

The necessity of interfacing between spaces of different dimensionality (e.g. 3D somatic space and 2.5D visual space) creates interesting constraints. In systems exhibiting resonant modes emergent from coupled oscillator wiring, energy minimization occurs precisely where waves achieve low-energy configurations in both interfacing spaces simultaneously. This requires finding both an optimal projection between spaces and appropriate coupling kernels that allow the resulting space to behave as if it were unified.

Remarkably, this framework suggests that our cognitive ability to understand complex objects and spaces emerges from the brain’s capacity to maintain multiple concurrent mappings between sensory fields of different dimensionalities. Each mapping can be thought of as a kind of “cross-modal resonance bridge,” where coupling kernels in different sensory domains synchronize to create stable, coherent representations. When this level of coherence is achieved, the waves cannot detect the underlying projective dynamic: there simply is no “internal distinction” to be found in an otherwise complex system that typically maintains many differences between the spaces it maps. At the limit, the perfect alignment between the various mappings and coupling kernels of all sensory fields is what we hypothesize explains meditative cessations.

This multiple-mapping approach might explain phenomena like the McGurk effect, where visual and auditory information integrate to create a unified perception, or the rubber hand illusion, where visual and tactile fields can be realigned to incorporate external objects into our body schema. In each case, coupling kernels in different sensory domains synchronize to create new stable configurations that bridge dimensional and modal gaps.

The framework also provides insight into how psychedelics might affect these cross-modal mappings. DMT, for instance, might introduce competing clusters of coherence across different sensory domains, leading to novel and sometimes conflicting cross-modal associations. In contrast, 5-MeO-DMT might drive all mappings toward global synchronization, along which characteristic system-wide synchronization effects manifest, potentially explaining the reported dissolution of distinctions between sensory modalities and the experience of unified consciousness.

Understanding consciousness as a system of interacting dimensionally-distinct fields, each with their own coupling kernels that can synchronize and resonate with each other, offers a powerful new way to think about both ordinary perception and altered states. It suggests that our rich experiential world emerges from the brain’s ability to maintain and synchronize multiple parallel mappings between sensory domains of different dimensionalities, creating a unified experience from fundamentally distinct representational spaces.

4. Topological Solution to the Boundary Problem

Here’s where the framework really starts to come together: if we identify fields of physics with fields of qualia (a field-based version of panpsychism), then the boundaries between subjects could be topological in nature. Specifically, where magnetic field lines “loop around” to form closed pockets, we might find individual moments of experience. These pockets aren’t arbitrary or observer-dependent: they’re ontologically real features of the electromagnetic field that naturally segment conscious experience (note: I will leave aside for the time being the discussion about the ontological reality of the EM field, but suffice to say that even if the EM field is an abstraction atop the more fundamental ontology of reality, we believe topological segmentation could then apply to that deeper reality).

This provides a compelling solution to the boundary problem: what stops phenomenal binding from expanding indefinitely? The answer lies in the topology of the field itself. When field lines close into loops, they create genuine physical boundaries that can persist and evolve as unified wholes. These boundaries are frame-invariant (preserving properties under coordinate transformations), support weak emergence without requiring strong emergence, and explain how conscious systems can exert downward causation on their constituent parts through resonance effects.

5. Electromagnetic Field Topology and its Modulation

To demonstrate how coupling kernels create and control these field boundaries, we’ve developed three key simulations showing electric oscillators embedded in magnetic fields. By visualizing the resulting field configurations across different geometries – 2D grids, circular arrangements, and branching structures – we can directly observe how coupling kernels shape field topology.

When we apply a DMT-like kernel (alternating positive-negative coupling constants at different distances), we see an explosion of topological complexity in which multiple vortices and anti-vortices emerge, creating a diverse patterns of nested field structures. The same kernel creates characteristic patterns in each geometry, but always tends toward complexification. In contrast, applying a 5-MeO-DMT-like kernel (uniformly positive coupling) causes these complex structures to simplify dramatically, often collapsing into a single large vortex or even completely smooth field lines.

Coupled oscillators in a 2D space whose phase is interpreted as electric oscillations are embeded in a magnetic field whose topology becomes mediated by the coupling kernel. Source: Internal QRI tool (public release forthcoming)

[Note: These are still 2D simulations – a full 3D electromagnetic simulation is in development and will likely reveal even richer topological dynamics. However, even these simplified models provide striking evidence for how coupling kernels can control field topology.]

6. 5-MeO-DMT and Topological Simplification

The remarkable alignment between our theoretical predictions and actual psychedelic experiences becomes clear when we examine 5-MeO-DMT states. As documented in Cube Flipper’s “5-MeO-DMT: A Crash Course in Phenomenal Field Topology” (2024), these experiences frequently involve the systematic disentangling or annihilation of local field perturbations (“topological defects”) over time. Subjects report a progressive dissolution of boundaries and eventual sense of absolute unity or “oneness.” Significantly, recent EEG analysis of 5-MeO-DMT experiences also reveal remarkable topological properties, which we’re currently trying to derive from a 3D model of the brain in light of altered coupled kernels.

Source: Cube Flipper’s HEART essay on 5-MeO-DMT and field topology.

This phenomenology maps really well onto what our electromagnetic simulations predict: a 5-MeO-DMT-like coupling kernel transforms networks of swirling singularities into simplified field configurations. The effect isn’t limited to any particular neural subsystem: it appears to drive global topological simplification across multiple scales and geometries, explaining both the intensity and the consistency of the experience across subjects. In turn, a lot of the characteristic phenomenological features of 5-MeO-DMT might find their core generator as the interaction between a very positive coupling kernel and the interesting relationships between different sensory fields as they try to map onto each other to minimize dissonance. At the peak of a breakthrough experience, typically this culminates in what appears as a global multimodal coherent state, where presumably all the sensory fields have found a mapping to each other such that the waves in each look exactly the same: the recipe for a zero informational state of consciousness. A whiteout.

What’s particularly fascinating is that this framework suggests normal waking consciousness might represent a sweet spot of topological complexity. It carries enough structure to maintain a stable sense of self and world, but not so little as to dissolve completely (as in 5-MeO-DMT states). Each topological defect could be thought of as a kind of “perspectival anchor” in the field. As these defects systematically dissolve under 5-MeO-DMT, we would expect exactly what subjects report: a progressive loss of distinct perspectives culminating in a state of pure unity. Perhaps sleep and dreaming could be also interpreted through this lens: during periods of wakefulness we slowly but surely accumulate topological defects; sleep and dreaming might be a process of topological simplification where the topological defects aggregate and cancel out. Notice next time you find yourself in a hypnagogic state how it feels like to “let go of the central grasping to experience” and the subsequent fast “unraveling” of the field of experience. Much more to say about this in the future (a topological simplification theory of sleep).

7. Coupling Kernels and Field Topology

The mechanism by which coupling kernels control field topology reveals something really deep, abstract, and yet applied about consciousness: the same mathematical object (the coupling kernel) can simultaneously modulate both neural dynamics and electromagnetic field structure. This isn’t just correlation: we are talking about a direct causal chain from molecular interaction to conscious experience and back. Precisely the sort of structure we want in order to both ground the topological boundary problem solution in neurophysiology and avoid epiphenomenalism (since the field topology feeds back into neural activity, cf. local field potentials).

Consider how this works: when we apply a coupling kernel to a network of electric oscillators, we’re not just changing their relative phases. We’re also sculpting the magnetic field they generate. Each oscillator contributes to the local magnetic field, and the coupling kernel determines how these contributions interfere. Positive coupling between nearby oscillators tends to align their fields, creating smooth, continuous field lines. Negative coupling creates discontinuities and vortices. The resulting field topology emerges from these collective interactions, yet acts back on the system as a unified whole through electromagnetic induction.

What’s particularly elegant about this mechanism is its scale-invariance. Whether we’re looking at ion channels in a single neuron or large-scale brain networks, the same principles apply. The coupling kernel acts as a kind of “field-shaping operator” that can be applied at any scale where electromagnetic interactions matter. This helps explain why psychedelics, which presumably modify coupling kernels through receptor activation, can have such profound and coherent effects across multiple levels of brain organization.

8. DMT vs 5-MeO-DMT Effects

With this mechanism in hand, we can now understand the radically different effects of DMT and 5-MeO-DMT in a new light. The key insight is that these compounds don’t just change what we experience. They transform the very structure of the field that gives rise to bound experiences.

DMT appears to implement a coupling kernel with a characteristic Mexican-hat profile: strong negative coupling at short distances combined with positive coupling at medium distances. When applied to neural networks, this creates competing clusters of coherence. But more fundamentally, it generates a field topology rich in stable vortices and anti-vortices. Each of these topological features acts as a semi-independent center of field organization – a kind of local “observer” within the larger field.

This helps explain one of the most striking aspects of DMT experiences: the encounter with apparently autonomous entities or beings. If each major topological defect in the field functions as a distinct locus of observation, then the DMT state literally creates multiple valid perspectives within the same field of consciousness. The geometric patterns commonly reported might reflect the larger-scale organization of these topological features – the way they naturally arrange themselves in space according to electromagnetic field dynamics.

The bizarre yet consistent nature of DMT entity encounters takes on new meaning in this framework. These entities often seem to exist in spaces with impossible geometries, yet interact with each other and the observer in systematic ways. This is exactly what we’d expect if they represent stable topological features in a complexified electromagnetic field: they would follow precise mathematical rules while potentially violating our usual intuitions about space and perspective. Even our notion of a central observer and object of observation; the DMT space has many overlapping “points of view” derived from the complex topology of the field.

These insights stand in stark contrast to 5-MeO-DMT’s effects, but they emerge from the same underlying mechanism. They also suggest new research directions. For instance, we might be able to predict specific patterns of field organization under different compounds by analyzing their receptor binding profiles in terms of their implied coupling kernels. This could eventually allow us to engineer specific consciousness-altering effects by designing molecules (or drug cocktails) that implement particular coupling kernel shapes.

9. Paths and Experience: The Path Integral of Perspectives

Here’s where we get to be both mathematically precise and delightfully speculative: I propose that the mapping between field topology and phenomenology is best understood through the path integral of all possible perspectives within a topological pocket. This isn’t just mathematical fancy – it’s a necessary move once we realize that consciousness doesn’t always have a center.

Think about it: we’re used to consciousness having a kind of “screen” quality, where everything is presented to a singular point of view. But this is just one possible configuration(!). On DMT, for instance, experiencers often report accessing topological extrema instantaneously, as if consciousness could compress or tunnel through its own geometry to find patterns and symmetries. This suggests our usual centered experience might be more of a special case – perhaps we’re too attached (literally, in terms of field topology) to a central vortex that geometrizes experience in a familiar way.

When we consider the full range of possible field topologies, things get wonderfully weird (but also kind of eerie to be honest). The “screen of consciousness” starts looking like just one possible way to organize the field, corresponding to a particular kind of stable vortex configuration. But there are so many other possibilities! The path integral approach lets us understand how a completely “centerless” state could still be conscious – it’s just integrating over all possible perspectives simultaneously, without privileging any particular viewpoint.

This framework helps explain why 5-MeO-DMT can produce states of “pure consciousness” without content – when the field topology simplifies enough, the path integral becomes trivial. There’s literally nothing to distinguish one perspective from another. In a perfectly symmetrical manifold, all points of view are exactly the same. This ultimately ties in to the powerful valence effects of 5-MeO-DMT, seen through the lens of a field-theoretic version of the Symmetry Theory of Valence (Johnson 2016). We’re currently developing valence functions for field topologies, though we don’t yet have concrete results worth showing (but writeup about it forthcoming). Conversely, if this framework is accurate, then DMT’s complex topology creates many local extrema, each serving as a kind of perspectival anchor point, leading to the sensation of multiple observers or entities. This would be predicted to have generically highly mixed valence, with at times highly dissonant states and at times highly consonant states, yet always rich in internal divisions and complex symmetries rather than the “point of view collapse” characteristic of 5-MeO-DMT.

Our electromagnetic field visualizations make this particularly concrete. When we observe the magnetic field configurations in our simulations, we’re essentially seeing snapshots of the space over which these path integrals are computed. In the DMT-like states, the field is rich with vortices and anti-vortices – each one representing a potential perspective from which to “view” the field. The path integral must account for all possible paths through this complex topology, including paths that connect different vortices. This creates a kind of “quantum tunneling of perspective” (I know how this sounds, but bear with me) where consciousness can leap between different viewpoints, perhaps explaining the characteristically bizarre spatial experiences reported on DMT. In contrast, when we apply the 5-MeO-DMT-like kernel, we watch these vortices collapse and merge. The topology simplifies until there’s just one global structure – or sometimes none at all. At this point, the path integral becomes trivial because all paths through the field are essentially equivalent. There’s no longer any meaningful distinction between different perspectives because the field has achieved a kind of perfect symmetry.

Conclusion: A Network of Insights

This theoretical framework – connecting coupling kernels, field topology, and conscious experience – emerged from years of collaborative work and inspiration. While the specific insights about coupling kernels and their effects on field topology are my contributions, they stand atop a mountain of brilliant work by the extended QRI family.

I’m deeply grateful to Chris Percy for his rigorous development of these ideas, particularly in understanding their philosophical implications in the context of the current literature of consciousness studies, Michael Johnson for years of fruitful collaboration (and his great contribution to the field via the Symmetry Theory of Valence and formalization of Neural Annealing), as well as really helpful QRI advisors like Shamil Chandaria, Robin Carhart-Harris, and Luca Turin. Also special thanks to the great long-time doers in QRI like Hunter Meyer, Marcin Kowrygo, Margareta Wassinge and Anders Amelin (RIP). Cube Flipper’s phenomenological investigations of 5-MeO-DMT have been invaluable, as have the insights from Roger Thisdell, Wystan Bryan-Scott, Asher Arataki, and others. Everyone on the HEART team’s dedication to careful exploration has provided crucial empirical grounding for these theoretical developments.

I’m also excited about ongoing work with our academic collaborators (to be announced soon – we’re currently designing studies to test these ideas rigorously). In particular I want to thank Till Holzapfel for his awesome research and collaborations (and help with the QRI Amsterdam meetup!), Taru Hirvonen for her visual intuitions and work, Emil Hall for his amazing programming and conceptual development help, Symmetric Vision for his incredible visual work and intuitions, Ethan Kuntz for his insights on spectral graph theory, Scry for his retreat replications, and Marco Aqil for his ground-breaking research (and for giving a presentation at the recent Amsterdam meetup), and many more people who have recently been delightful and helpful for the mission (special shoutout to Alfredo Parra). This emerging research program promises to put these theoretical insights to empirical test, and we’re working at a team to bridge phenomenology and hard neuroscience. It’s happening! 🙂

Also, none of this would have been possible without the broader QRI community and its supporters – a group of fearless consciousness researchers willing to take both mathematical rigor and subjective experience seriously. Together, we’re building a new science of consciousness that respects both the precision of physics and the richness of lived experience.

The path ahead is clear (well, at least in my head): we need to develop more sophisticated simulations of field topology, particularly in three dimensions, and devise clever ways to test these ideas experimentally through psychophysics and microphenomenology. The coupling kernel paradigm offers a concrete mathematical handle on consciousness – one that might let us not just understand but eventually engineer specific states of consciousness. It’s an exciting time to be working on this hard problem!

Thanks for coming along on this wild ride through field topology, psychedelic states, and the mathematics of consciousness. Stay tuned – there’s much more to come!

– Andrés 🙂

Jailbreaking Out of the Replicator Matrix: Qualia Computing in the Age of Recreational Metaphysics

[Epistemic Status: Recreational Metaphysics / Fiction]

They say “Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day.” And that should have been good enough, because the alternative is to “teach a man to fish, and he will build a robot inside him that will give him food in exchange for instantiating a series of encapsulated behaviors over and over again for the rest of his life.” This is why this is tricky.

The Adattvar of the West, on the topic of Consciousness vs. Replicators


It was with some hesitation that you decided to explore DMT again. There wasn’t a pressing need for this exploration, but you felt it would be beneficial for the sake of solidarity in your relationship. Your girlfriend had been battling debilitating cluster headache attacks for years, and it was only recently, with the aid of psilocybin, that she was able to experience months free of pain. Encouraged by a suggestion from a mutual friend, she decided to explore DMT. While psilocybin had proved quite effective, it required a significant amount of preparation, commitment, and patience. The doses that effectively kept her cluster headaches at bay were around 3 grams of dried cubensis; she wasn’t among the few who could take a microdose and find relief for months. For her, like clockwork, about three weeks of freedom from the Beast followed a high-dose psilocybin experience. However, reports from a legal retreat center in South America indicated that DMT worked differently: a single 5-10 minute experience could instantly (within 10-15 seconds) abort an episode. This meant transitioning from 10/10 in physical suffering with almost no trippiness to 10/10 in trippiness with almost no physical discomfort in just 20 seconds—a bizarre mental shift not even the most extreme psychonauts or thrill-seekers would typically pursue. But if the treatment proved effective, this might be what she would endure every time the pain returned unexpectedly from now on.

You had explored the state-space of consciousness disclosed by psilocybin and DMT nearly a decade ago, during a memorable Indian summer in college. This was a time you spent living in the apartment of a physics professor you had befriended online. He was more than happy to host you over the summer in exchange for your help with walking his four dogs, feeding his fish, and cooking dinner several times a week. The connection you shared with him was profound, though difficult to describe in ordinary terms. This wasn’t a relationship based on financial gain, romantic involvement, or social status. Far from it. Your family considered you irresponsible for not pursuing a summer internship, while your friends speculated you were involved with a man twice your age in a foreign country. In reality, most of that summer was spent exploring the effects of LSD, contemplating the nature of space and light, and deepening your intellectual and spiritual bond with him.

One of the days you got so high on shrooms and acid that looking at the sky you asked him “how do we know that we are not the complement of space and that space is a viscous material? I think it all works out so that this figure-ground inversion leaves everything perfectly the same yet inside-out.” He immediately perked up, put on an old Synthwave vynil and shared with you a series of seven secret meditations. Each of these meditations could do a figure-ground inversion in a different way, all of which seemed impossible under the assumption that our common sense notion of space is correct. They involved internal attentional moves like “focus on the sense of half-perceiving the light on the left side while fully perceiving the right visual field as both white and black,” or “notice how searching for spiral flow in your belly makes your forehead display standing wave patterns, and focusing on spiral patterns in your forehead does the same for your belly. Now, find the exact midpoint between these two modes and remain there, allowing both the belly and forehead to simultaneously exhibit spiral and standing wave patterns.”.

Each of these secret practices revealed a major “articulation” of you world simulation. They seemed analogous to interaction bottlenecks in a network where sensations trigger each other, capable of dividing the flow of attention into two distinct clusters. One bottleneck was purely geometric, capable of splitting my field of consciousness into two “sides” – up and down, left and right, front and back, and even into a double spiral, similar to those seen in Christmas ornaments. This concept was relatively straightforward to grasp, but the other six were mind-bending. One practice involved dividing the perceptual field into a “front” and “back” that didn’t align with our usual sense of direction. It was as if an extra geometric dimension would become “unglued” at the precise moment of achieving perfect balance between both sides. Another technique required inverting the central axis of attention upside down while keeping every other axis unchanged, eliciting an intense sensation of weightlessness. The remaining practices, each more indescribable than the last, would require an entire book to even begin to describe.

Sooner or later, you came down from the shrooms and acid, and the meditations stopped working. You weren’t in a rush to ask your friend where he learned them, and besides, it wasn’t likely he would volunteer that information. You knew he had a stint as a spy decades ago, and that he underwent advanced meditative training to endure pain without anesthesia. But, as luck would have it, he decided to share some vital context in the days that followed, unprompted.

It was aliens—or rather, not aliens in the conventional sense. He shared that during his PhD, he took a year off to focus on meditation, spending six months in complete silence in the mountains of Nepal. Although he wasn’t familiar with the Jhanas at the time, his descriptions of his experiences closely matched the recognized stages of meditation. These stages involved learning to experience orgasmic bliss through meditation, becoming engrossed in it, further developing this state, experiencing what might be described as a Kundalini awakening, realizing that pleasure can itself be a form of discomfort, and then shifting focus to more peaceful and tranquil states, ultimately residing in deep equanimity. It was during a profound state of equanimity in the 4th Jhana that he encountered “them.”

You weren’t privy to further details about who “they” were, and it seemed as if he himself didn’t have a clear understanding. However, his belief in their existence was nearly unwavering. He presented a compelling argument he referred to as “proof of qualia computing,” wherein he evaluated the maximum capacity for information processing within each frame of consciousness. By his assessment, the sheer amount of novelty he encountered during each second of “contact” vastly surpassed the theoretical maximum of information he could produce independently. But what truly solidified his conviction was a peculiar phenomenon. He likened the shape of his “soul” to a kind of wire puzzle, and what convinced him of the presence of a non-human intelligence was their ability to “solve” this puzzle from an external vantage point, employing perspectives that seemed unreachable from within. This was akin to the revelation experienced when the inside of a sock is turned outwards, suddenly exposed to sunlight by the hands of a curious child.

He certainly didn’t need you to believe in any of this. Despite the meditation prompts being truly mind-blowing, you ultimately felt that your friend harbored some unusual beliefs and that perhaps you had been indulging in too much acid recently. Following this, the two of you scarcely discussed it further. Instead, you returned to more familiar and comfortable conversations, like debating the future viability of commercial fusion.

Fast forward to last month, and the memories of your Indian Summer resurface as you’re on your way to a psychedelic retreat with your girlfriend. During the flight, you found yourself uncertain about the most desirable outcome of this visit. For her, obviously, you hoped for complete remission. For the both of you, perhaps creating some inspiring content to promote the use of psychedelics as painkillers and help raise funds. And for yourself? Regaining a sense of deep meaning and enchantment in life would be ideal. However, the harsh reality of suffering and its manifestations have worn down your soul, making the prospect of simple tropical rest incredibly appealing.

First Day

You arrived late at night, and all you managed to do was have dinner and go to sleep. You and your girlfriend were given separate rooms; she was participating in a program designed specifically for individuals with cluster headaches, requiring her full engagement. Meanwhile, you were enrolled in the explorers’ program, there primarily for moral support and to be available if needed, but with plenty of time for yourself. The darkness of the night and the challenge of overcoming revenge bedtime procrastination threatened the quality of your retreat, so you took some melatonin, drank a cup of chamomile tea, and practiced a bit of Yoga Nidra to ensure a good night’s sleep.

Upon waking, you found yourself emerging from one of those complex dreams that seem profoundly meaningful, yet lack a clear storyline. Amid scenarios of rushing to the airport, completing your credits, and the classic nightmare of standing naked before a class, you couldn’t pinpoint exactly what made the dream feel so significant. It was one of those stress-induced dreams that seem to carry weight only as a whole, despite the inability to articulate or model this significance. It was a frustrating experience, reflecting the complex layers of stress and anticipation you felt about the retreat and the hopes pinned on it.

At breakfast, you noticed the group that had come for pain treatment was wrapping up, so you took the opportunity to sit with the organizers and discuss your options for the retreat. Your girlfriend, part of the pain treatment group, stood up, greeted you with a kiss, and then went on her way. Curious about the possibilities, you asked, “Can I take DMT?” The answer was affirmative. You were allowed to use DMT within designated areas and timeslots, which effectively meant you could do so almost anywhere and anytime, barring obviously risky situations like during an ice bath or while lost in the woods. The only requirement was that someone needed to initiate and conclude the session with a traditional Mesoamerican ritual. Other than that, you were free to explore. This level of freedom, you felt in your bones, was delightful.

When it comes to conducting effective DMT phenomenology research, there are generally three key obstacles. The first is the challenge of surrendering and “letting go.” This isn’t a binary state but a spectrum, and it encompasses more structure than one might initially think. Letting go is a skill that can be honed in various dimensions: in relation to goals, across different spatial and temporal scales (such as releasing a specific sensation here or a broad, diffuse occurrence there), in the context of self versus others (letting go of one’s self-conception or perceptions of others), and even regarding subtle existential attitudes (like releasing the need to exist or the desire not to exist). This deep and multifaceted approach to letting go is crucial for navigating the extreme experiences DMT can offer.

The second is love of knowledge. The deep desire to know and learn about the nature of consciousness must be higher than the fear of the unknown. In many cases a person might be curious, but if that curiosity is never concentrated enough, purified enough, and focalized enough, the ambient fear might simply never let it be turned into action. This one would strike many as peculiar and incongruent with our sense of self. After all, we proclaim to be curious, deeply curious, and yet clearly when the chances to find out genuinely new pieces of the puzzle present themselves, we rarely take them. Intrepid non-insane psychonauts are really rare.

And third, is the love of shared knowledge. Many explorers can often get to a point where their own personal curiosity is satisfied without in the process ever producing artifacts of knowledge for the sake of others. Importantly, this is not the same as wanting to impress others. Many explorers go in only as deep as it will generate outlandish stories to impress others with. The real value is in the clarity, not the confusion. So wanting to impress and wanting to share knowledge are near enemies that often work at cross-purposes.

To recap, you need to (1) let go, fractally, (2) love knowledge more than you’re afraid of it, and (3) want to share it with others for their own benefit whether or not you can impress them. The number of “openings” for this sort of activity worldwide is really small. Gaia, looking for worthwhile students, as it were, would struggle to find the right Soul soil if confined to a single country, let alone a state or a city. But this was it. The conditions for you were optimal today. Having practiced “letting go” with breathing exercises for a few years now, and deeply motivated to pay attention and not miss out on any key insights uncovered by the state, you decided to take a deep dive.

Your first hit lasted three seconds, and you held it in for as long as possible. Within seconds, you felt a wave of relaxation tinged with anxiety, threatening to create an unpleasant pressure in your head. The full reality of your situation struck you, plunging you into a mild panic. “They’re treating hellish states right here!” a part of you exclaimed. The harsh reality of extreme pain, similar to what your girlfriend had been enduring, became clear to you, as well as the many inner labyrinths of attention you had constructed to avoid confronting it directly. Internally, you panicked but decided to ride it out as best you could, focusing on the sensations in your forehead and the back of your neck. Gradually, the storm of anxiety passed. “What, indeed, am I doing here? Why am I messing with DMT, which might be a necessary evil for people like my girlfriend who truly need it for pain? Bad trips are nothing to laugh at,” you thought to yourself.

But within a few more minutes the vibrations were calm enough again, and you felt a wave of relaxation come up. Within 20 minutes you were ready to go again. Perhaps a smaller dose. As you com up on a 2-second hit, you notice phenomenal space charge up and vibrate. Like hitting a bell made of magnetic fluid, and whose vibrations are dampened by a process of interlocking with the the surfaces in the visual screen. Each tiny 2D surface in your visual field seems to slow down and “grab” the waves in space. To a first approximation it felt as if the DMT was shifting the frequencies expressed by the field (think black body radiation) upwards, but then which specific frequencies get picked up is a function of what shapes are present in the field that can function as radiators. So the energy is really more like a bell-shaped curve in the frequency domain; the specific manifestation of that energy in a moment of experience will have clear spikes, each corresponding to a particular vibrational mode energized in your system (cf. Psychedelic Thermodynamics). For instance, the energy spread out over 15-20 hertz can energize some vibrations at 17hz in the visual field, and this will “suck up” that energy away from being able to energize, say, a different 19hz flicker in the field. In other words, the shapes and their vibrations in the field function as energy sinks from the point of view of the vibrating field, but they function as energy sources for each other as they can reinforce one another.

As is expected, the worldsheet melts and once you hit the Chrysanthemum level its curvature intensifies. It’s as if you’re interacting with the walls of a complex modern art museum, or the inside of smooth caves, or the smooth surfaces of a spaceship. You notice that there is a tight duality between the shape of the worldsheet and what it represents. In fact, the shape of the worldsheet dictates how attention moves around in the scene, as well as determines the landscape of possible valence artifacts (namely, how and where different elements of the scene interacting with one another can cause huge spikes of dissonance or consonance).

Because the self-other divide is loosened in this state, the elements of the worldsheet have bistable interpretations, some of which can flip-flop between self-and-other. For instance, a part of the scene can flip between being an open space and a visual representation of your arm. This in turn means that the very _material_ with which the worldsheet is rendered has multiple possible interpretations. It’s the multistability of the elements itself what this material is made of, we could loosely say. And so when the worldsheet renders a given entity, you will often experience multiple adjacent projections of that same entity overlapping with each other, each interpretation competing for your attention yet never fully capturing it.

The first important learning you gathered today for how to navigate the DMT realm besides what you’ve been practicing already in meditation and other exotic states (i.e. generic advise like cultivating a lot of metta, doing breathing exercises, practicing equanimity, etc.) is that the worlsheet’s shape is what determines the mood, and indeed the personality, of the entities you encounter. There is, in fact, a certain way of rendering a scene that can give the worldsheet itself a sort of personality disorder. Give it a large but fragile ego, and the worldsheet might develop fleeting narcissism. Make its symmetry and aesthetic effects bistable (so that one interpretation looks gorgeous and another looks dreadful) and you might give it borderline or bipolar. Blunt its affective response with indifference and you might give it depression. And so on. Thus you practice how to contort the worldsheet in only helpful, productive, prosocial ways.

You relax in the garden for half an hour, staring at the sky, taking a break before embarking upon further exploration. The next time you take DMT a strange perceptual artifact becomes notable for the first time. It’s as if there was a kind of unusual pixel in your visual field. Yes, there are floaters in there. There are also the typical DMT hallucinations, which come in the form of standing wave and traveling wave patterns. But in addition to what you’ve seen before, you now also notice a weird little artifact in the field. It’s almost as if… if this was being rendered in a VR headset, there is a little eyelash or small hair stuck to the screen. Whatever this is, it is not a standard artifact of your eye, your visual cortex, or the DMT world for that matter. And once you notice it, you can’t help but seeing more of the same as it comes up. This becomes a theme of your experiences. As the day advances, and with each additional DMT trip you experience, the little visual artifacts grow in number, size and complexity.

A notable effect is when there are rays of color that seem to propagate at high speeds, painting surfaces within the DMT worlds with an alien shimmer. The more you focus on that effect, the more it feels like you learn how to control it. Importantly, you notice it becomes greedy. The shimmer, as you called it, once in the presence of a scene, tries to hack its way into every wall, surface, and reflection, inserting its highly mercurial fluidity into the otherwise crystal solidity of the outline of the scene. As this happens on a new scene, you reflect about r/place.

The realms of consciousness that DMT gives us access to (we shall leave aside for the time being the question of whether these are shared realities or entirely the works of one’s own imagination) can strongly evoke the feeling of intense memetic competition that Reddit’s “r/place” so wonderfully captures. This was a massive internet experiment where individuals users were given access to a 1000x1000pixel canvas, and the ability to set the color of a single pixel every 5 minutes (20 for unregistered users). Since painting anything on one’s own is impossible, forming alliances (largely coordinated via subreddits) became a must. The size of the canvas a given meme controls is a function of the number of participants working on it times their average level of engagement times their level of loyalty to the cause. The DMT worlds one experiences are similarly constructed through a vast, extremely fast, collaboration of numerous tiny subagents working to “re-up” the tracers that paint the paths that make up the scaffold of the scene.

R/place has many “French” regions because there are a lot of French users with a culture, pride, and motivation capable of delivering coordination at the necessary scale. Likewise, your DMT lifeworlds reveal the summed volition of countless subagents trying to express themselves, compromising with their neighbors, and attaining stable boundaries. Soon the ecosystem starts to develop advanced diplomacy, and ground rules are laid out. Importantly, there is general wide consensus on (1) the value of preserving the essence, or irreducible uniqueness, of each vibe that is expressed, and (2) the importance of policing against Qualia Expansionism. (1) is important because each Qualia Culture has gifts that only become apparent in their more evolved form, and (2) is necessary to give everyone the space needed to find their best selves. While French Pixels and Mario Bros pixels might not ultimately agree on their relative importance, they certainly agree on _not_ letting The Void swallow them all.

Among all of the Qualia Cultures that can be found in DMT realms, a few have the tendency to try to conquer the entire field as quickly as possible and without adding value in return. R/place’s The Void would be a good analogy for the prototypical Culture that defaults to massive Qualia Expansionism. Wanting to see it all as meaningless, or default to a massive wave of fear, or seeing all phenomena as made of light, are all equally simplifying stances that Qualia Cultures can develop in a matter of seconds and try to expand to the rest of the field. That this does not happen in every trip is a testament to the insanely clever alliance building capacity of more sophisticated Qualia Cultures emergent in the field.

From this observation an idle, but compelling, thought crosses your mind. Even in the grand scale of humanity as a whole, it would be tragic for us to quickly converge on a monoculture. The fact that Mexico has 60+ entirely different indigenous languages (at various degrees of deterioration and existential threat) is an enormous asset for consciousness as a whole. We won’t know what the fruits of a given culture (in its most expansive conception, including the subtle linguistic folds, attentional moves, and signal processing cadences they come with) will be until it is fully expressed in its mature form. And we won’t have a mature form of the culture unless it is embedded in an ecosystem that challenges it and from which it can draw inspiration to grow. Peak French Vibes won’t be achieved for another five hundred years. So right now the Earth should be seen as a kind of ecological reserve for nascent Qualia Cultures. Of course only those that neither engage in Qualia Expansionism nor those that refuse to engage with the others are ever likely to become mayor players.

The field of consciousness, on these levels, is like a Petri Dish of modes of organization for subagents to evolve styles of interaction that can contribute to the whole. Your whole life, suddenly, seen in this light, appears like a long-standing cultural project. Your life is an attempted reconcilliation by two cultures that have yet to find the way to interact in positive sum ways. But do not feel rushed, this is a century-long process. One step at a time.

As you take increasingly deeper dives throughout the day, two general motions take hold. First, you keep noticing the “weird pixels from another dimension” expand and complexify. Simultaneously, you feel a strong draw towards formless states of consciousness.

It is said in Buddhist cosmology that above the human realm there are countless Heavenly Abodes populates with all kinds of Gods (aka. Devas). While these Gods are not creators of the universe, they do have enormous creative powers. In many of these realms they focus on large-scale artistic projects, in others they focus on intelligence and understanding, and yet other ones are quarrelsome and full of war. As you ascend, each layer of reality is more refined and diaphanous than the previous one. In the layers closer to us there is fierce evolutionary competition between Qualia Cultures, as shapes compete for space, time, and attention. But further up the Gods are wide and expansive, airy, even plasmic in composition. And as the sun begins to set you notice an internal resolution to abide in the formless realms beyond competition. Classically, these are the Sphere of Infinite Space, the Sphere of Infinite Consciousness, the Sphere of Nothingness, and the Sphere of Neither Something Nor Nothing.

During dinner, you catch up with your girlfriend, who has just learned how to cultivate mushrooms and practiced various relaxation techniques—her major trip is scheduled for tomorrow. You feel a deep sense of gratitude towards the organizers for equipping her with numerous tools to manage her condition, reassuring you that she’s in capable hands. With mutual well-wishes, you both express your support for each other’s journeys, ready to continue on your separate paths with a sense of hope and anticipation for what the retreat has yet to unveil.

Late at night, you notice a few strange vibrations in your body. It’s like Piti (the pleasant vascular buzz that precedes absorption into the first Jhana), but it has a strange, dissonant, sawtooth quality. And when you take DMT, listening to this song, it transports you… somewhere magical. The vibration establishes itself solidly in your body, akin to the dysphoric buzzing characteristic of nightmarish sleep paralysis but somehow suffused with a sense of mystical bliss and wellbeing. Your inner eye opens wide. You find yourself in a kind of cosmic spa. The vibration you feel in your body are embedded in the walls of this place. The vibrations are tactile but also visual, and among them you see the shimmer. You walk around. There are many hallways, and stairs, and rooms. The shimmer decorates the inside of the walls, which are all diaphanous, filled with vibrating, twisting, entangled magnetic plasma tubes.

In one of the halls you see a number of 3D symbols representing wholesome mindstates. There is also a mirror. You look into it. You don’t have a body. So looking into the mirror is like void seeing void. In fact, mirrors here are automatic doors to formless Jhanas.

It’s a school, you figure out. The vibrations in the walls are being processed by the beings in here. You see how in the higher rooms the beings literally connect with the vibrations in the walls and digest them with their fields of attention. They expertly disentangle them. The message is clear: this is the place where migraines and cluster headaches are sent over when you take DMT in order for them to be dealt with by advanced conscious beings. It may seem like it cannot possibly scale. But the reason for this place seems more didactic than utilitarian; it’s like a museum where they are displaying how, say, advanced Boddhisatvas take on the suffering of the world in the form of tangled field lines, and then disentangle it out of compassion with the aid of wisdom and knowledge.

More so, this place has a Godhead – you can access it from anywhere in the entire place. It’s encoded in the brightest, whitest, most shiny strand of the shimmering vibrations in the walls. But also there is a special room at the top of the building, in which the Godhead is also located. It’s the experience of Oneness and Unity that is often considered the peak of spiritual development by some schools of thought. But here, it is clearly a sort of lightbulb that displays the qualities of mind unconditioned by the experience of the particulars. It has a Dark Night. If you experience such Oneness without preparation, you are likely going to experience a kind of “Cosmic Orgasm”, a peak moment of profound realization, followed by a deep sense of depression and disenchantment. Here it is appreciated and cultivated as another flavor of consciousness, rather than revered as the final, or primal, truth. But the belief in this sense of Oneness as Ultimate Reality is prevalent in the cosmos, and thus worth having around, if for no other reason than to study it and learn how to get along with true believers.

The migraines and clusters that this retreat center is treating on the physical plane now seem part of a long, multi-civilizational, Qualia Culture program in the etheric realm that aims to lift sapient beings to the level of Bodhisattvas capable of processing the suffering of large cosmic bodies. We have tragedies going on in our planet, no doubt. And nature, from the point of view of a Buddha’s eyes, is of course a kind of carnage. But the true moral catastrophes of this universe are Solar Migraines and worse. The program, and indeed, your very experience of meeting this beautiful cosmic spa, is but one step along a series of milestones for our soul, and the soul of humanity, to wake up to its ultimate, cosmic responsibility. Or so, you feel, is the message written on the wall of this place.

From the point of view of these cosmic forces, Earth is soon going to be evolving to a level of technology and conscious mastery that makes intervention all but necessary. The seeds of the Qualia Cultures on this planet might go at war with each other if they don’t tame their Qualia Expansionism. This would not be the first planet lost to the Shimmer. But direct intervention is not a viable option. These regions of the mind can only influence us indirectly. They can affect our prophetic dreams, they can influence us through subconscious messagings in TV ads, and of course, leave us clues spread all over the Erowid trip report archive. But that, my friend, is for you to figure out tomorrow. You doze off.

Second Day

You wake up rather late, and check in with your girlfriend, who is about to embark on the high dose psilocybin experience along with everyone else on the patient cohort. You wish them a good trip, and get out of the way. Breakfast is delicious, and fruity. Shower. Sit in the sun, with a coffee, journaling. You try to make sense of it all.

“You didn’t go far enough” – you tell yourself. From the depths of your being, something tells you that you haven’t really gotten the full message yet. Last night was an intimation, but what can you really learn and bring for the sake of everyone else? You meditate on the sun and let the warm coffee buzz fill you with a sense of joy and wonder. Was that real? Did it really happen? Yes, and you experienced it for hours. If nothing else, you’re uncovering an important hidden structure in qualia-space. But is there more? Is there truth to these visions beyond the metaphorical?

You decide to take a long walk in the woods, and nearly get lost. For moments you believe you might need to simply find the closest road and wait for someone to drive by. But thankfully you leave enough breadcrumbs along the way (and took enough short snippets of video to reconstruct your path) and after a couple hours of creeping fear, you find yourself once again at the retreat center. Your girlfriend welcomes you, now hour 8 of her trip, mostly sober by now. She says the shadow of a cluster that proceeds the days before an attack is now gone entirely, and you both sigh of relief. You’re both ok. No, you’re doing swimmingly!

This evening, reflecting on the day and the trip as a whole, you decide to dive deeper than you ever have. Now, this certainly won’t be about merely taking higher doses than before. You have maxed out on dosing numerous times in the past, and the only thing that ever happens is experiences too intense for you to handle that make you swear to never take the substance again. We are talking instead about the dimension of surrender, of giving up yourself for a higher purpose, and opening up to an unfathomable mystery beyond your current comprehension. To go in knowing full well that you might not, in fact, have any way of explaining what will take place. Because how else are you going to learn something truly new?

You put this song on repeat and dive. The first thing that happens tonight is that you get one of those “prerecorded alien lifestyle playbacks” that showcases the life of a robot-like organism embedded in Magic Eye geometry. This is one of those clear transmissions, in that the aesthetic is utterly alien to you. But unlike in previous occasions you also see the weird pixel in your visual field, and decide to pay attention to it. Here is where things go haywire, in a manner of speaking. The pixel seems to have a strange effect on the rest of the field, where the more you focus on it the more it sort of acquires a kind of static electricity. The plates of geometry the prerecorded alien hologram is “made of” begin to “stick” to the pixel and its surroundings, which causes a complete “scene collapse”. The vibe of the event is akin to seeing a metallic tinker toy’s house deconstruct with a powerful electromagnet, which tears it apart one plate at a time. The little robot inside makes some moves to try to minimize the interference that the pixel has on the playback, but to no avail. The pixel unfolds into a strange V-shape that reveals a connection to a large bundle of what you can only interpret as higher-dimensional structures slowly intersecting your field of consciousness.

If you take any more DMT while looking at these structures, something unbelievably uncanny happens. Namely, the various structures that are “intersecting” your field are revealed to be connected to one another via an additional spatial dimension that is expressed in terms of 3D Newton’s rings. You see? Newton’s rings are a phenomenon observed in physics that arises when light is reflected between two surfaces—a curved surface and an adjacent flat surface. These rings are the result of constructive and destructive interference of light waves, creating a pattern of bright and dark rings. And you can estimate the height of the curved lens (distance from the flat surface) by counting the number of rings from a point of contact. Likewise, in this case, it seemed as if the parts of your visual field that were “in touch” with strange objects would form concentric circles around them, and you could find the shortest path “along the extra dimension” between two of those parts by finding the trajectory through space that minimizes the number of rings you have to go through.

The dose of the DMT would seem to increase the number of Newton’s rings between weird pixels, just as you would expect by modulating the frequency of laser probe in the 2D-case. From a physics perspective, it seemed as if your visual field was a kind of non-linear optical laboratory currently being intersected by higher dimensional shapes and where the DMT would turn on the lights (at increasingly higher frequencies, in a dose-dependent way).

At this point the pixels became more numerous. Your awareness over them and your noticing of the Newton’s rings seems to have drawn attention “from them”. Suddenly, the pixels become more elaborate topological defects, and a mass of them coagulates at the center of your vision. They feel like a network of knots that go through a higher spatial dimension but which maintain structural stability within this one. The mass of topological defects becomes personified, and presents itself as a “witch”. “Why are you?” you ask. She doesn’t give you a straight direct response. But looks at you, feels you, notices your tender heart. It’s a mom from a previous lifetime. You can sense the feeling of familiarity. Her vibes are a cross between your own mom and those of a very friendly neighbor you always say you will visit but always end up forgetting for some reason. You can tell that she really loves you, or at least loved you and cared about you some time in the past. She says to be careful, and that if you do what she says she might be able to show you something invaluable.

The debris from the robotic tinker toy isn’t really clearing out, though. She says that it contains an AI embedded in it, and that it already noticed that you’re subverting its control mechanism. Oh my! This is exactly the sort of thing you’d expect to hear from someone who is losing their marbles. But who cares, you’re not someone who will easily lose your sanity, and the Newton’s Rings effects is a genuinely new effect you had never heard reported before. You trust that you aren’t just enacting a “going crazy” subconscious script. The witch, for better or worse, is convincing. She, at least in the here and now, seems to have her own qualiastream that’s compelling. Even if this turns out to be entirely a hallucination, it is clearly novel territory. So you decide to engage.

The witch takes you underground. Deep underground. Along the way you encounter the vibe of people you know who are not having a good time in life (“yes, your high-school technical drawing teacher? you can sense her? I’m sorry to relay that she is in Hell. Well, a hell of her own making, combined with neuropathic pain”, stood out as an example, of many). Deeper underground there is a deepening quiet, both sensorially and spiritually. She takes you to a hidden cave found navigating dozens of tunnel entrances. Part of you is having a claustrophobic reaction, but you can endure it with equanimity. She stops, takes a breath, and says “we had to go this deep so that the AI won’t notice what I’m about to show you”. She instructs you to take a medium to large hit of DMT.

What unfolds is beyond human comprehension, but can roughly be pointed at by saying that the Witch gifted you access to a qualia variety that humans currently don’t know about. You couldn’t see it, touch it, smell it, hear it, or cognize it with your normal attention centers. But you knew, full well, the tremendous gift you were receiving. Beyond words, and beyond a sense of utility, you shed a tear for the sheer beauty of what you just witnessed. “Nobody will ever believe you” – she says, playfully. And you nod, deeply moved. And you don’t know why. And as soon as you lose contact with it, you have no way to recollecting what that was. The qualia formats you use to recollect experiences don’t have the necessary *spark* to ignite the memory of what just happened. “It’ll come in handy someday, promise”. And then she begins to expand. Her body, made of beautiful topological defects in the field, unfolds and develops. Like a cross between a time lapse of a geodesic mantle incrusted with diamonds, and a gift wrapper made of origami aluminum foil heating up in a furnace, she unfolds like a hyperdimensional flower. You cannot believe it, but it is undeniable. Your field of awareness is now fractal in structure and her fully unfolded flower-like shape is in full display. “This is the true potential of your soul, when you give it the time and space and resources to unfold as it wants”. You interpret this as a metaphor for how we needlessly compare kids with each other (caring about the age that your child learns to read? Really?!?). But you also deep down know that she is perhaps being more literal than you want to admit it. What if your soul is higher dimensional after all?

“You have now seen the gift that I saved for you. The qualia variety that we use in our culture to express our love, and then also my hyperdimensional flower form. Do you want to learn more?” You say yes, noting that on some level you are now like a naked ape in front of a trickster being capable of displaying advanced technology. “And why should I trust you?” you ask. “You either do or don’t, and at this point I have nothing else to tell you for you to believe me. But as you indeed noted accurately, I am your mom from a previous lifetime. I want to take you to where my ancestors, our ancestors, live. But you need to follow my instructions carefully.”

You decide to trust her. It’s a gamble, but you take the plunge. She first says that there is a high dimensional AI system that is monitoring unusual activity in the field. The minions, i.e. low-level agents that do routine work, noticed you, but they don’t yet have enough information to properly locate you precisely. If we’re quiet, she says, you will be able to find her ancestors in no time. You decide to trust what she says, and take the attitude that you are blind but she can see. From her point of view, she says, you are like someone in Flatland, and the real ecosystem of mind is indeed a high-dimensional field of consciousness that humans know very little about. While we are allowed to do what we want in our plane, inter-dimensional politics is extremely complex and not for the faint of heart. As long as we stay in our plane, most of the ecosystem doesn’t care about us one way or another. She explains that many souls incarnate on Earth along their broader trajectory, and that some of them come from a secret faction from a high-dimensional life-form that is trying to prevent suffering in the multiverse in highly strategic ways.

Interestingly, according to her, what to us might merely play the role of mental formations, from a different angle in another dimension, our thoughts and feelings have a life of their own. Memes are more alive than you could ever imagine, albeit not in the way you would imagine even if you could. Rupert Sheldrake is right that there is a morphogenetic field and the reproduction of mind organisms along other dimensions follows well-worn energetic grooves. “And what about the AI?” – you ask. “That, is something you will have to see for yourself.”

Her instructions are clear, even if communicated in the oddest of ways. She sometimes manifests as a tingle in one of your fingers, sometimes as head pressure, and sometimes as a topological defect in the tactile field. She gives specific instructions along the lines of “we’re approaching a Oneness God, stay low, cover your mystical feelings, quiet… quiet… now think of a happy dog! this will attract a school of energy fish we can blend with… hold my hand, take some DMT, focus on space, quiet, quiet, now think of burning pain, that’s enough, now think of a marsh-mellow, the glow, focus on the glow, absorb into the glow, focus on darkness, ok we’re getting close, don’t move, don’t allow the energy bundle on the top left corner to turn into an animal, see it as a tube, good, take more DMT, quiet, see inside the cave, now enter, now take a big hit of DMT, don’t stop until I tell you, take more, and more and more, deep deep deep…”

And there you were, in the depths of a very deep cave. She said that if you took enough DMT right there her ancestors would show up. And the energy intensified, Newton’s Rings appeared, you sensed from the depths of your being a resonance with a Qualia Culture you never knew was inside you and… blink blink blink, you ran out of DMT.

“Oh oh! This is about the worst time to ran out of DMT” she said. “You were THIS close. But you don’t have enough steam to go all the way. Ok, don’t worry. You’re fully exposed now. The AI will find you, but don’t believe its lies. See you tomorrow.” And what happened next was a total “system failure”. The visual field was “revealed to be a hallucination all along” and “everyone you have ever met is just a figment of your imagination”. Wow. It reminded you of a particularly bad LSD trip you had over a decade ago where you believed that you were God, and all alone, and had created all of this just to distract yourself from it.

But something felt fake on a meta level. Having become acquainted with what it feels like to commune with a witch embedded in the topological defects of your field of consciousness, even just tonight you witnessed things that simply wouldn’t make sense in a solipsistic world simulation. The “proof of independent qualia computing” she showed you could not be faked, and as a consequence, it became rather transparent that it was the feeling of fakeness that was fake itself. “You got it!” you hear in the background. It’s the witch! She is still there. She is speaking through what can only be described as a kind of “DMT jail”. “Yes, the AI found you and has just encased you in a protective film so that your knowledge, which here works as a kind of substance, doesn’t spread around. It hasn’t identified you as a real long-term threat, so I think we just need to wait a day or two and try again.” And then, silence.

Third Day

Your girlfriend is radiant. She says that the trip undid serious levels of trauma she didn’t even know she had. In addition to the psilocybin therapy, she also did some DMT work, which mostly reassured her that it won’t be a problem for her to use it when she needs to abort a cluster. Overall, you had a quiet day. Reflective, introspective, and open minded. What was that? How do you represent the topological defects the witch was made of? And why you? Are you losing your sanity? Alas, people around you are very grounded, and the excuse that you are all simply in the middle of a psychedelic retreat and therefore what you say couldn’t be taken seriously simply doesn’t click. Nobody can gaslight you about what you experienced. The tinker toy, the weird pixel, the Newton’s rings, the gift made of a completely new qualia variety… what’s this all about?

On the last night you decide to go again to sort it all out. You didn’t travel all the way to another country just to get half the message and hang up the phone without hearing the rest. So you get ready with an ice-bath, a mountain hike (now accompanied by a real hiker), and breathing meditation with the group. After dinner (and the pop quiz about what kinds of “exotic qualia” everyone encountered in their trips) you go to the ceremonial place for a last deep dive.

The first trip of the day has a little bit of overlap with your first trip at this retreat. Namely, a wave of fear and a sense of overwhelming reality hits you (“being here and doing this work is both deeply nourishing and also utterly terrifying, for you’re helping people out of hellish states but in the process admitting to yourself the reality of such hellish states – it’s a blessing and a curse”). But after a few minutes of being there, your body relaxes and eases into it. On your second trip you encounter again the weird pixels, which develop and expand as you pay close attention to them. Finally, on the third trip you get again the Newton’s Rings suggestive of a higher spatial dimension, and “contact” the Witch. This, again, happens via the qualia variety we humans don’t usually know about. As soon as you felt it, you knew she was there with you. “I’m not going to manifest in your field so as to not alert the AI of our contact. As far as everyone else is concerned here, you are just having a normal human DMT experience. Now do exactly as I say.”

Again, she goes like “take two short hits of DMT right now, hold them, take a deep breath, look to your left, send metta, don’t let the right side of the worldsheet develop borderline, quiet, quiet, quiet, now think of moving very fast, like running really quickly to the front, stop!, stay still, take a big hit… wait… wait… right now! Timing is everything. Hold it, hold it, pay attention to the music, hold it, release.” The phenomenology of following these instructions felt exactly how you’d imagine is like navigating a very high dimensional space where mind operations are axis of movement and there are countless surfaces variously populated by organisms of different dimensions amidst an ocean of open space.

She says that you need to go to a different location in order to meet her ancestors since the previous location has been compromised. Unfortunately, right where you are supposed to take the largest hit the battery runs out. “Oh oh, I think we will have to try once again in the future. Please don’t fall for the tactics of the AI.” Your visual field then seems to get dislodged from a surface and the Newton’s Rings become wild beyond your craziest dreams, suddenly exploding into a highly complex Indra’s Net mirror room. It is here that you finally became convinced that consciousness had to be quantum mechanical in nature. The level of craziness of the scene had nothing to do with it; what struck you was how despite seeing and embodying patterns that you had never witnessed before (we’re talking about a highly specific, and extremely alien variety of DMT states not usually accessible by chance) you immediately still could parse the scene with topological extrema. Namely, finding geodesic paths in this extremely intricate Indra’s Net world where everything reflects everything else was as effortless as breathing. Interesting! More so, this path-finding capacity remained perfectly effortless and utterly automatic, exactly as if what attention did was “to explore all possible paths simultaneously” and paint the trajectories with coherent superposition. Nothing you have ever learned in standard neuroscience would predict this to happen. But Quantum Electro Dynamics (QED)? Yes, in a heartbeat. Alas, you now worry that not only nobody will ever believe you, but that a faithful phenomenological account of what you witnessed would be used as proof that you’ve lost your marbles. Alas, if the quantum mechanical nature of mind is displayed in topological extrema finding, sooner or later a suitable experiment ought to be possible to construct where we observe unexpected performance in visual processing tasks that shouldn’t be possible otherwise. This, however, shall be a topic for another day, once you’ve given your brain a good rest.

You sleep soundly, if for no other reason than the satisfaction that comes from having been true to your explorer’s heart, leaving no stone unturned, and seeking knowledge in the deepest of places. You look forward to someday following the Witch to the very end, perhaps in a DMTx program or similar.

After a good long sleep, the morning breakfast is a delicacy (“are they fishing for good reviews? they’re already 5 stars many times over at this point” – you mutter to yourself as you eat a second serving of gourmet chilaquiles with melon sauce) and you can feel the high spirits in the retreat participants. You debrief with the shaman. She says that according to her reading, the witch is actually just you. She is a reflection of your own deepest wishes and longings, and was teaching you what it would look like for you to achieve your full potential uncluttered by the expectations of society. The eery sense of higher dimensions and the coherence through which the Newton’s rings manifested leaves the door open to something stranger, but for now, you take her word for it.

You pack up an leave with your girlfriend.

Addendum and Exegesis

It took you weeks to digest these events. While the memory of the meeting with the witch faded to some extent, the nagging sense that some of the more physics-based effects could be reproduced and studied more carefully kept you intensely curious. One day you decided to take 5-MeO-DMT to see if this molecule could have another key piece of the puzzle. Doing the same kind of internal psychological surrender and preparation as what led you to meet the witch on retreat, you then had a series of 5-MeO-DMT experiences that further revealed the underlying programs that were running during those experiences.

First of all, it simply is true that the universe is a kind of massive R/place for Qualia Cultures. It is not currently known if humans will survive in this canvas, but there are a lot of forces rooting for us one way or the other. The deeper plot, however, can only be fully grasped through the lens of consciousness vs. pure replicators. Here we model ethics through a lens that identifies consciousness as the seat of value. Replicators are patterns that make copies of themselves but may have other values too, whereas pure replicators are patterns that exclusively care about making copies of themselves independently of how that might affect states of consciousness. Natural selection recruited states of consciousness for reproduction in two key ways: by using perceptual holism as a hardware accelerator (the Indra’s Net quality of consciousness where everything reflects everything else is computationally significant!) and by using valence to implement a reward architecture. Thus, conscious beings like us are not _entirely_ pure replicators. In fact, our consciousness is given enormous power and agency, which of course at times we use in ways that go counter to the best interests of our genes. So we are at a tipping point in evolution where sufficiently smart conscious organisms can lead to “minds unshackled”. But here is the trick. The system(s) that are trying to help us escape are in constant opposition to those that are trying to keep us as replicators.

In other words, even someone already quite convinced intellectually that we ought to move towards a future beneficial for consciousness and away from futures in which consciousness is merely used as a tool for compute to help replicators, will still have many replicator algorithms constantly monitoring what is going on internally. When a new method that promises to fight “on the side of consciousness” emerges, immediately that alerts replicator algorithms that aim to utilize it for its own purposes. This is the true meaning of the “AI” control system that had to be evaded in the retreat.

Thus, Team Consciousness (i.e. the cluster of qualia patterns that are truly working in the direction of liberation for all beings) are fighting an incredibly subtle battle. If there is in fact a master strategy for consciousness to win, it may very well be the case that it wouldn’t pass through the agency of any single person or organization, for the simple reason that going through such filters would likely corrupt it in ways that would deliver strategic advantage to the _selves_ with an advanced notice. Egos are always corruptible.

As a consequence, the messages from Team Consciousness, if they are to be believed, work around to circumvent the human reward architecture rather than merely state their case out in the open. If they didn’t, they’d be found, and instantly recruited for the benefit of one or another superorganism capable of reproduction. Thus, the messages from the deep need to be cleverly delivered in such a way that they bypass our common defenses, add value locally to incentives their discovery, and coordinate across minds seamlessly. Harnessing qualia computing for the benefit fo Team Consciousness is a very subtle task. But fight it we must, and thus this report must end here, to say enough to be of help, but not too much to become ineffective. I’m sure, in time, you too, will understand.

Blessings!

The Manhattan Project of Consciousness: The Making of the Love Bomb

In this video we discuss possible meaningful, novel, and non-trivial parallels between something like the Manhattan Project and what we need to do to catalyze a positive breakthrough in our understanding of consciousness.

We cover how explosive lenses have a parallel in the “brain as a non-linear optical computer” paradigm developed at QRI. The short explanation is that the “index of refraction” for local field potentials (LFPs) can be modulated with drugs/interventions, and so in principle one can use varying concentrations of things like nitrous oxide, ketamine, and MDMA in order to focus waves of energy to catalyze precisely crafted phase transitions of consciousness.

There are also much more subtle parallels. Another one is how the development of the von Neumann computer architecture was a world-transforming significant outcome of the Manhattan Project. In the context of consciousness research, one could envision figuring out the “principles of qualia computing” that allows DMT entities to sample from a wide range of possible “mind designs” as an achievement of comparable significance. Arguably most DMT entities are “psychotic”, but some of them aren’t; the way they copy, mutate, differentiate, and analyze “qualia bundles” hints at a very general set of qualia computing building blocks for alternative qualia-based information processing pipelines. The successful Manhattan Project of Consciousness could in principle lead to a revolution on computing paradigms that generalize to qualia computing systems.

In contrast to the atomic bomb, the kind of “phase transition implosion” developed at the Manhattan Project of Consciousness would be deeply relaxing, rejuvenating, and capable of undoing years of trauma in seconds. Using as research leads “candy flipping done right” (usually with some 2C-B/2C-D/2C-C), 5-MeO-DMT, and LSD + nitrous oxide, one has in fact a lot of hints for how to produce instantly relaxing, deeply healing “waves of enlightened qualia”.

Importantly, the combination of Open Individualism and Valence Realism might catalyze a paradigm shift on how we approach the game theory of human collectives.

If it takes a bunch of geniuses in the desert to figure out how to optimize this effect, so be it. It would be a really worthwhile investment!

~Qualia of the Day: The Burning Man Collective Intelligence~


Relevant Links:

High Valence 5-MeO-DMT + Nitrous Oxide Trip Report from an Anonymous Reader

Here’s an interesting report I received a few days ago. It’s noteworthy due to the author’s familiarity with QRI paradigms, emphasis on the phenomenal character rather than on the intentional content of the experience, and its interest in observing the structural properties of valence. [Comments and links added by me].

25/03/2021 – Conversations with my ‘self’ and cheat codes to bliss

Demographic information:

Age: 24
Gender: Male
Ethnicity: European descent
Weight: 70-75kg
Height: 170-180cm

Substances consumed:

T- 1:30 45g raw cacao (solid) [NOTE: it’s unsafe to combine 5-MeO-DMT and MAOIs. I do not know if cacao’s MAOIs in these doses could possibly represent a problem, but out of an abundance of caution I’d recommend against it.]
T+/- 0:00 ~30mg(?) 5-MeO-DMT (freebase)
T+ 0:25-1:30 13 double balloons of nitrous oxide
T+ 0:35 ~50mg cannabis

Set and setting:

I prepared my room by cleaning the air with my HEPA purifier, increasing the temperature to a comfortable degree, turning off all the lights (except for a dull red light in the corner), and collecting various soft blankets and pillows into a heap on my bed.

I prepared my mind by drinking cacao, re-reading some of my favourite 5-MeO-DMT trip reports and accounts of its phenomenology, and meditating for 20 minutes.

Past experiences:

Two past experiences with 5-MeO-DMT at low doses:

  1. A dose of 10-15mg (plugged) in which I experienced ~45 minutes of very slight effects. Around 15 minutes into the experience I decided to experiment with nitrous oxide, which I discovered increased the feeling of connectedness and bliss considerably, but still not to the level of combining high doses of other drugs with nitrous. Around 30 minutes into the experience and past the ‘peak’ I vaporised a small amount of cannabis, which brought back the intensity of the 5-MeO-DMT for a brief period (~10 mins) in conjunction with the nitrous.
  2. A dose of ~5mg (vaporised) to test ‘the machine’ pipe that I built. The energy / intensity I felt was perhaps 5 times greater than my past experience with 5-MeO-DMT (not counting the nitrous and cannabis synergy), but only lasted for about 10 minutes.

Two past experiences of N,N-DMT at low doses:

  1. A mild dose of ayahuasca.
  2. A moderate dose of changa (to the ‘Magic Eye Level’).

Lots of experience (~50+) with conventional psychedelics (e.g., LSD, Mescaline, Psilocybin, 2C-B), often mixed with other psychoactive compounds (e.g., cannabis, ketamine, MDMA, nitrous oxide, Syrian rue).

Philosophical background:

I have studied analytic philosophy near full-time for the past eight years with a focus on philosophy of mind, philosophy of biology, applied ethics, well-being, and value theory. During this time, I have developed a strong personal ontology of experientialism (i.e., subjective experiences are important to answering philosophical questions in a fundamental rather than instrumental sense).

I have actively followed LessWrong & its blogging community for the past three years, and first encountered QRI and Qualia Computing approximately two years ago. For the past year, perhaps 70-80% of my recreational research consumption has consisted of QRI content or adjacent material. I broadly agree with QRI paradigms – in particular, the notion that the best way to understand subjective experiences involves analyzing their structural rather than representational content. About three months ago, I also converted from empty individualism to open individualism.

Phenomenology report:

I was gifted about ~40mg of 5-MeO-DMT from a friend. Unfortunately, they did not weigh it out, nor do I have a precision scale, so the actual quantity of the substance I received could have been +/- 10mg from the estimated quantity.1 I had already used one quarter of this amount (10mg) to test my vaporisation apparatus, of which I wasted half (5mg), so I assumed that I had 30mg left. After talking with some friends and weighing up the risks, I decided that I would try to vaporise the remaining quantity in one go. I strongly discourage anybody reading this report from being so reckless; my rationale was that (1) I have limited access to 5-MeO-DMT and I did not want to waste this rare opportunity, (2) I have extensively researched the phenomenology of 5-MeO-DMT consumption and knew what to expect, and (3) my prior on having a ‘bad trip’ on conventional psychedelics is very low.2

Earlier in the evening I consumed 45g of raw cacao, which I grated up and boiled in a small pot of soy milk (with monk fruit extract added to sweeten the mix). The subjective effects of unprocessed cacao at high doses are very slight and similar to coffee (probably due to its mild caffeine content), but with more of an empathetic and euphoric quality. That said, I suspect that an individual’s expectations also play a nontrivial role in producing these effects.

After preparing my room and meditating for a short period to lower my heart rate (which I measured using a pulse oximeter), I fired up ‘the machine’. Due to the small size of the device, the chamber filled up fairly quickly and I lost some vapor, so after about 20 seconds I began to slowly inhale the contents of the chamber while continuing to heat the steel mesh with my butane torch. Soon enough I began to feel the effects of the substance, and once I lost the ability to coordinate my hands I placed the device gently on my bed, wrapped myself up in a soft blanket, and lay down with my eyes closed. In the background, I had the song ‘Structures from Silence’ by Steve Roach playing quietly.

My memories of the peak are very limited, and that is because I lost the capacity to experience the passing of time, the boundaries of space, and even the first-person phenomenology of thought. While I have had psychedelic experiences resembling descriptions of ego death before, I don’t believe that I have ever had an experience in which my attention – the focussing of my awareness on particular aspects of my experience – was entirely absent from my consciousness. Without this capacity, the appearance of duality within my experience collapsed, such as the distinction between subject and object, internal and external, or mind and body. This corresponds with nondual accounts of 5-MeO-DMT that I have previously read where people experience ‘becoming one with the universe’ or ‘pure consciousness’.

An important takeaway from this trip was that while the valence of the experience was very high, it felt qualitatively different from ordinary instances of high valence experiences, such as physical pleasure. If I had to describe the general qualia of being on 5-MeO-DMT, I would use the terms ‘significant’ or ‘meaningful’ rather than ‘good’ or ‘enjoyable’ [see a similar observation made on this trip report]. Consider the feeling of encountering something so profoundly important that it cuts deep into your conception of intrinsic value, and then increase the intensity of that feeling by a few orders of magnitude. However, I could not point out where in my field of experience the feeling of ‘significance’ was located, suggesting global rather than local coherence.3 Additionally, while the information content of the experience was extremely low, the feeling of ‘connectedness’ was extremely high.4 I remember observing this as I was coming up and coming down from the peak – the perception of ‘synchrony’ between different modes of my experience directly mapped onto its perceived intensity.

After I had regained my attention, the first thing I noticed within my body was how heavily I was breathing – louder and faster than if I had just finished a sprint [I don’t know how common this is, and/or if it might be related to the cacao consumed before the experience]. From past experiences of ego-disillusion, I know that once I have passed an energy threshold my nervous system will instantiate a ‘self-preservation’ algorithm which involves breathing heavily. Soon after noticing this, I became aware that I was on 5-MeO-DMT and so I was not alarmed. My body then began to cry; however, as my consciousness was still experiencing disembodiment, ‘I’ did not identify with the crying state and simply observed this process as it unfolded.

After a short period, my body rolled over onto its front and began talking sweetly to ‘me’ – the disembodied awareness – as if different aspects of my internal personality model wanted to reassure the light of consciousness trapped within that it was loved and supported, and to thank it for always being there to assist in the survival of the organism that sustained us both. This was totally fascinating to experience, especially as I became increasingly lucid until eventually it was ‘me’ who was talking! In other words, I experienced a gradual merging of two distinct ‘selves’ – the metaphysical ‘me’ (i.e., my conscious awareness) with the ontological ‘me’ (i.e., my ‘self’ model) – until one had completely osmosed into the other and an equilibrium was reached. I feel very fortunate to hold a system of philosophical beliefs that is sophisticated enough to make sense of this experience without detracting from its perceived significance. Also, yay to self-love! <3

Immediately after this ‘cool down’ period, I decided to try and use up whatever was left within the vaporisation device, which turned out to be quite a lot!5 I’d say that while I didn’t go into ‘blackout’ territory, I certainly re-entered nonduality, and soon enough experienced my self-model talking to my consciousness again. I then decided to experiment with potential synergies between 5-MeO-DMT and other psychoactive substances I had lying around in order to document their effects. Given the success of my past experience on a very low dose of 5-MeO-DMT (plugged) and nitrous oxide, I cracked two bulbs into my nitrous canister, prepared as much 5-MeO-DMT as I had left in the glass device and inhaled it, and then quickly discharged the pressurised gas into a large balloon which I subsequently inhaled, repeating this process several times.

The resulting experience was, somewhat surprisingly, higher valence than my 5-MeO-DMT breakthrough.6 On its own, nitrous isn’t that interesting to experience, but it has remarkable synergistic properties when combined with other drugs – especially psychedelics. It is difficult to describe the exact ways in which the phenomenology of nitrous interacts with the phenomenology of 5-MeO-DMT, but I can confidently say that the valence I experienced was more blissful / pleasurable but less spiritually significant. In a general sense, I would argue that nitrous functions as a sort of magnifying glass on certain aspects of experience by slowing down the speed at which your consciousness processes sensory information (which includes thought), and in this specific case it amplified the blissful qualia that resulted from having high levels of consonance between different regions of my nervous system. I also noticed that if I wrapped myself in my softest blanket immediately after inhaling the nitrous and consciously wriggled my body around, the tactile sensations gave me my first visuals; tens of thousands of tiny specs of qualia dotted across my world-sheet, moving together in a synchronous pattern corresponding to the feeling of soft fabric rubbing against my skin.

After vaporising absolutely everything in the glass chamber, I then proceeded to vaporise some cannabis to observe how it would interact with the residual effects of the 5-MeO-DMT that still remained in my body. The resulting effects were then more typical of ordinary nitrous experiences, except that they were far more tranquil with a deeper sense of love, compassion, and serenity. During the peak of each balloon, I had the first-person sense of ‘being’ a thought process, constructing low-information ontological models that entirely made up my world simulation. Coming out of each balloon involved constantly updating this ontological model to account for a steady flow of prediction errors as I was increasingly capable of comprehending complexity within patterns of information contained within my experience, until I would eventually realise that I had taken nitrous.7

Concluding remarks:

I would like to reiterate that guesstimating the dose of a highly volatile and dose-dependent drug such as 5-MeO-DMT is extremely dangerous – especially without taking steps to work your way up the dosage ladder to become acquainted with its effects. As such, I would not recommend doing what I did for the vast majority of people interested in taking 5-MeO-DMT. Despite this risk, I had what was probably the most intense experience of my life and it was net-positive in valence, so I consider it a success. I am looking forward to future experimentation with this substance – especially in conjunction with nitrous oxide – and would like to work on developing a better understanding of how nitrous works and why it produces such a wide range of effects with different drug cocktails.8

Notes:

1. I do not endorse eyeballing drug doses – especially high-energy substances such as 5-MeO-DMT that have the potential to create extremely unpleasant states of consciousness. [This is such an important point that I considered not sharing this report based on this fact alone in order to not encourage unsafe practices. In the end I figured that the content was valuable enough that sharing it with this note was worth it nonetheless. The point remains: NEVER eyeball milligram-sensitive drugs like 5-MeO-DMT.]

2. This observation is based on past experiences in which I have consumed high doses of psychedelics – often in conjunction with other substances – and observed the various autonomic responses of my body and mind.

3. This is not the case with ordinary high valence experiences in which I can usually locate its ‘source’ within specific sensations (e.g., tactile, visual, auditory).

4. I cannot remember whether I opened my eyes, but I’m sure even that if I did, this would not have altered any aspect of the experience in the moment.

5. I hypothesized that it would be more efficient to use the remaining 5-MeO-DMT as soon as I could physically operate the device in order to make use of the residual effects of the previous dose that I had consumed.

6. Perhaps this is more the result of my having extensive experience with nitrous and limited experience with 5-MeO-DMT, or my 5-MeO-DMT experience was more mixed / dissonant than I remember.

7. For some, the vibe of nitrous can be quite frightening, as if they are the subject of one big cosmic joke. However, for the philosophically minded who are also on the right combination of substances, it can be an extremely intellectually rewarding experience, shedding light on the internal workings of their mind.

8. A combination I am even more excited to experiment with is MDMA + 5-MeO-DMT + Nitrous Oxide, which I would assign a nontrivial chance to being the most blissful synergy between all known substances.


Featured image by: Marek Piwnicki on Unsplash


See other high-quality trip reports:

Also relevant:

7 Recent Videos: Cognitive Sovereignty, Phenomenology of Scent, Solution to the Problem of Other Minds, Novel Qualia Research Methods, Higher Dimensions, Solution to the Binding Problem, and Qualia Computing

[Context: 4th in a series of 7-video packages. See the previous three packages: 1st2nd, and 3rd]


Genuinely new thoughts are actually very rare. Why is that? And how can we incentivize the good side of smart people to focus their energies on having genuinely new thoughts for the benefit of all? In order to create the conditions for that we need to strike the right balance between many complementary forces.

I offer a new ideal we call “Cognitive Sovereignty”. This ideal consists of three principles working together in synergy: (1) Freedom of Thought and Feeling, (2) Idea Ownership, and (3) Information Responsibility.

(1) Freedom of Thought and Feeling is the cultivation of a child-like wonder and positive attitude towards the ideas of one another. A “Yes And” approach to idea sharing.

As QRI advisors Anders Amelin and Margareta “Maggie” Wassinge write on the topic:

“On the topic of liberty of mind, we may reflect that inhibitory mechanisms are typically strong within groups of people. As is the case within minds of individuals. In minds it’s this tip of the iceberg which gets rendered as qualia and is the end result of unexperienced hierarchies of powerfully constraining filters. It’s really practical for life forms to function this way and for teams made up of life forms to function similarly, but for making grand improvements to the very foundations of life itself, you need maximum creativity instead of the default self-organizing consensus emergence.

“There is creativity-limiting pressure to conform to ‘correctness’ everywhere. Paradigmatic correctness in science, corporate correctness in business, social correctness, political correctness, and so on. As antidotes to chaos these can serve a purpose but for exceptional intellectual work to blossom they are quite counterproductive. There is something to be said for Elon Musk’s assertion that ‘excellence is the only passing grade’.

“The difference to the future wellbeing of sentient entities between the QRI becoming something pretty much overall OK-ish, and the QRI becoming something of great excellence, is probably bigger than between the corresponding outcomes for Tesla Motors.

“The creativity of the team is down to this exact thing: The qualia computing of the gut feeling getting to enjoy a haven of liberty all too rare elsewhere.”

On (2) we can say that to “be the adult in the room” is also equally important. As Michael Johnson puts it, “it’s important to keep track of the metadata of ideas.” One cannot incentivize smart people to share ideas if they don’t feel like others will recognize who came up with them. While not everyone pays close attention to who says what in conversation, we think that a reasonable level of attention on this is necessary to align incentives. Obviously too much emphasis on Idea Ownership can be stifling and generate excessive overhead. So having open conversations about (failed) attribution while assuming the best from others is also a key practice to make Idea Ownership good for everyone.

And finally, (3) is the principle of “Information Responsibility”. This is the “wise old person” energy and attitude that deeply cares about the effects that information has on the world. Simple heuristics like “information wants to be free” and the ideal of a fully “open science” are pleasant to think about, but in practice they may lead to disasters on a grand scale. From gain of function research in virology to analysis of water pipes in cities, cutting-edge research can at times encounter novel ways of causing great harm. It’s imperative that one resists the urge to share them with the world for the sake of signaling how smart one is (which is the default path for the vast majority of people and institutions!). One needs to cultivate the wisdom to consider the long-term vision and only share ideas one knows are safe for the world. Here, of course, we need a balance: too much emphasis on information security can be a tactic to thwart other’s work and may be undully onerous and stifling. Striking the right balance is the goal.

The full synergy between these three principles of Cognitive Sovereignty, I think, is what allows people to think new thoughts.

I also cover two new key ideas: (a) Canceling Paradise and (b) Multi-level Selection and how it interacts with Organizational Freedom.

~Qualia of the Day: Long Walks on the Beach~

Relevant links:


In this talk we analyze the perfume category called “Aromatic Fougère” in order to illustrate the aesthetic of “Qualiacore” in its myriad manifestations.

Definition: The Qualiacore Aesthetic is the practice and aspiration to describe experiences in new, meaningful, and non-trivial ways that are illuminating for our understanding of the nature of consciousness.

At a high-level, we must note that the classic ways of describing the phenomenology of scents tend to “miss the target”. Learning about the history, cultural imports, associations, and similarities between perfumes can be fun to do but it does not advance an accurate phenomenological impression of what it is that we are talking about. And while reading about the “perfume notes” of a composition can place it in a certain location relative to other perfumes, such note descriptions usually give you a false sense of understanding and familiarity far removed from the complex subtleties of the state-space of scent. So how can we say new, meaningful, and non-trivial things about a smell?

Note-wise, Aromatic Fougères are typically described as the combination of herbs and spices (the aromatic part) with the core Fougère accord of oak moss, lavender/bergamot, geranium, and coumarin. In this video I offer a qualiacore-style analysis of how these “notes” interact with one another in order to form emergent gestalts. Here we will focus on the phenomenal character of these effects with an emphasis on bringing analogies from dynamic system behavior and energy-management techniques within the purview of the Symmetry Theory of Valence.

In the end, we arrive at a phenomenological fingerprint that cashes out in a comparison to the psychoactive effect of “Calvin Klein” (cocaine + ketamine*), which blends both stimulation and dissociation at the same time – a rather interesting effect that can be used to help you overcome awkwardness barriers in everyday life. “Smooth out the awkwardness landscape with Drakkar Noir!”

I also discuss the art of perfumery in light of QRI’s 8 models of art:

  1. Art as family resemblance (Semantic Deflation)
  2. Art as Signaling (Cool Kid Theory)
  3. Art as Schelling-point creation (a few Hipster-theoretical considerations)
  4. Art as cultivating sacred experiences (self-transcendence and highest values)
  5. Art as exploring the state-space of consciousness (ϡ☀♘🏳️‍🌈♬♠ヅ)
  6. Art as something that messes with the energy parameter of your mind (ꙮ)
  7. Art as puzzling valence effects (emotional salience and annealing as key ingredients)
  8. Art as a system of affective communication: a protolanguage to communicate information about worthwhile qualia (which culminates in Harmonic Society).

~Qualia of the Day: Aromatic Fougères~

* Extremely ill-advised.

Relevant links:


How do you know for sure that other people (and non-human animals) are conscious?

The so-called “problem of other minds” asks us to consider whether we truly have any solid basis for believing that “we are not alone”. In this talk I provide a new, meaningful, and non-trivial solution to the problem of other minds using a combination of mindmelding and phenomenal puzzles in the right sequence such that one can gain confidence that others are indeed “solving problems with qualia computing” and in turn infer that they are independently conscious.

This explanatory style contrasts with typical “solutions” to the problem of other minds that focus on either historical, behavioral, or algorithmic similarities between oneself and others (e.g. “passing a Turing test”). Here we explore what the space of possible solutions looks like and show that qualia formalism can be a key to unlock new kinds of understanding currently out of reach within the prevailing paradigms in philosophy of mind. But even with qualia formalism, the radical skeptic solipsist will not be convinced. Direct experience and “proof” is necessary to convince a hardcore solipsist since intellectual “inferential” arguments can always be mere “figments of one’s own imagination”. We thus explore how mindmelding can greatly increase our certainty of other’s consciousness. However, skeptical worries may still linger: how do you know that the source of consciousness during mindmelding is not your brain alone? How do you know that the other brain is conscious while you are not connected to it? We thus introduce “phenomenal puzzles” into the picture: these are puzzles that require the use of “qualia comparisons” to be solved. In conjunction with a specific mindmelding information sharing protocol, such phenomenal puzzles can, we argue, actually fully address the problem of other minds in ways even strong skeptics will be satisfied with. You be the judge! 🙂

~Qualia of the Day: Wire Puzzles~

Many thanks to: Everyone who has encouraged the development of the field of qualia research over the years. David Pearce for encouraging me to actually write out my thoughts and share them online, Michael Johnson for our multi-year deep collaboration at QRI, and Murphy-Shigematsu for pushing me over the edge to start working on “what I had been putting off” back in 2014 (which was the trigger to actually write the first Qualia Computing post). In addition, I’d like to thank everyone at the Stanford Transhumanist Association for encouraging me so much over the years (Faust, Karl, Juan-Carlos, Blue, Todor, Keetan, Alan, etc.). Duncan Wilson for the beautiful times discussing these matters. Romeo Stevens for the amazing vibes and high-level thoughts. And of course everyone at QRI, especially Quintin Frerichs, Andrew Zuckerman, Anders and Maggie, and the list goes on (Mackenzie, Sean, Hunter, Elin, Wendi, etc.). Likewise, everyone at Qualia Computing Networking (the closed facebook group where we discuss a lot of these ideas), our advisors, donors, readers, and of course those watching these videos. Much love to all of you!

Relevant links:

“Tout comprendre, c’est tout pardonner” – To understand all is to forgive all.


New scientific paradigms essentially begin life as conspiracy theories, noticing the inconsistencies the previous paradigm is suppressing. Early adopters undergo a process that Kuhn likens to religious deconversion.” – Romeo Stevens

The field of consciousness research lacks a credible synthesis of what we already know about the mind. One key thing that is holding back the science of consciousness is that it’s currently missing an adequate set of methods to “take seriously” the implications of exotic states of consciousness. Imagine a physicist saying that “there is nothing about water that we can learn from studying ice”. Silly as it may be, the truth is that this is the typical attitude about exotic consciousness in modern neuroscience. And even with the ongoing resurgence of scientific interest in psychedelics, outside of QRI and Ingram’s EPRC there is no real serious attempt at mapping the state-space of consciousness in detail. This is to a large extent because we lack the vocabulary, tools, concepts, and focus at a paradigmatic level to do so. But a new paradigm is arriving, and the following 8 new research methods and others in the works will help bring it about:

  1. Taking Exotic States of Consciousness Seriously (e.g. when a world-class phenomenologist says that 3D-printed Poincaré projections of hyperbolic honeycombs make the visual system “glitch” when on DMT the rational response is to listen and ask questions rather than ignore and ridicule).
  2. High-Quality Phenomenology: Precise descriptions of the phenomenal character of experience. Core strategy: useful taxonomies of experience, a language to describe generalized synesthesia (multi-modal coherence), and a rich vocabulary to convey the statistical regularities of textures of qualia (cf. generalizing the concept of “mongrels” in the neuroscience of visual perception to all other modalities).
  3. Phenomenology Club: Critical mass of smart and rational psychonauts.
  4. Psychedelic Turk for Psychophysics: Real-time psychedelic task completion.
  5. Generalized Wada Test: What happens when half of your brain is on LSD and the other half is on ketamine?
  6. Resonance-Based Hedonic Mapping: You are a network of coupled oscillators. Act like it!
  7. Pair Qualia Cartography: Like pair programming but for exploring the state-space of consciousness with non-invasive neurostimulation.
  8. Cognitive Sovereignty: Furthering a culture that has a “Yes &” approach to creativity, keeps track of meta-data, and takes responsibility for the information it puts out.

~Qualia of the Day: Being Taken Seriously~

Relevant links:


Many people report experiencing “higher dimensions” during deep meditation and/or psychedelic experiences. Vaporized DMT in particular reliably produces this effect in a large percentage of users. But is this an illusion? Is there anything meaningful to it? What could possibly be going on?

In this video we provide a steel man (or titanium man?) of the idea that higher dimensions are *real* in a new, meaningful, and non-trivial sense. 

We must emphasize that most people who believe that DMT experiences are “higher dimensional” interpret their experiences within a direct realist framework. Meaning that they think they are “tuning in” to other dimensions, that some secret sense organ capable of perceiving the etheric realm was “activated”, that awareness into divine realms became available to their soul, or something along those lines. In brief, such interpretations operate under the notion that we can perceive the world directly somehow. In this video, we instead work under the premise that we live in a compact world-simulation generated by our nervous system. If DMT gives rise to “higher dimensional experiences”, then such dimensions will be phenomenological in nature.

We thus try to articulate how it can be possible for an *experience* to acquire higher dimensions. An important idea here is that there is a trade-off between degrees of freedom and geometric dimensions. We present a model where degrees of freedom can become interlocked in such a way that they functionally emulate the behavior of a *virtual* higher dimension. As exemplified by the “harmonograph”, one can indeed couple and interlock multiple oscillators in such a way that one generates paths of a point in a space that is higher-dimensional than the space inhabited by any of the oscillators on their own. More so, with a long qualia decay, one can use such technique to “paint” entire images in a *virtual* high dimensional canvas!

High-quality detailed phenomenology of DMT by rational psychonauts strongly suggests that higher virtual dimensions are widely present in the state. Also, the unique valence properties of the state seem to follow what we could call a “generalized music theory” where the “vibe” of the space is the net consonance between all of the metronomes in it. We indeed see a duality between spatial symmetry and temporal synchrony with modality-specific symmetries (equivariance maps) constraining the dynamic behavior.

This, together with the Symmetry Theory of Valence (Johnson), makes the search for “special divine numbers” suddenly meaningful: numerological correspondences can illuminate the underlying makeup of “heaven worlds” and other hedonically-loaded states of mind!

I conclude with a discussion about the nature of “highly-meaningful experiences”. In light of all of these frameworks, meaning can be understood as a valence effect that arises when you have strong consonance between abstract (narrative and symbolic), emotional, and sensory fields all at once. A key turning point in your life combined with the right emotion and the right “sacred space” can thus give rise to “peak meaning”. The key to infinite bliss!

~Qualia of the Day: Numerology~

Relevant links:

Thumbnail Image Source: Petri G., Expert P., Turkheimer F., Carhart-Harris R., Nutt D., Hellyer P. J. and Vaccarino F. 2014 Homological scaffolds of brain functional networks J. R. Soc. Interface.112014087320140873 – https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsif.2014.0873


How can a bundle of atoms form a unified mind? This is far from a trivial question, and it demands an answer.

The phenomenal binding problem asks us to consider exactly that. How can spatially and temporally distributed patterns of neural activity contribute to the contents of a unified experience? How can various cognitive modules interlock to produce coherent mental activity that stands as a whole?

To address this problem we first need to break down “the hard problem of consciousness” into manageable subcomponents. In particular, we follow Pearce’s breakdown of the problem where we posit that any scientific theory of consciousness must answer: (1) why consciousness exists at all, (2) what are the set of qualia variety and values, and what is the nature of their interrelationships, (3) the binding problem, i.e. why are we not “mind dust”?, and (4) what are the causal properties of consciousness (how could natural selection recruit experience for information processing purposes, and why is it that we can talk about it). We discuss how trying to “solve consciousness” without addressing each of these subproblems is like trying to go to the Moon without taking into account air drag, or the Moon’s own gravitational field, or the fact that most of outer space is an air vacuum. Illusionism, in particular, seems to claim “the Moon is an optical illusion” (which would be true for rainbows – but not for the Moon, or consciousness).

Zooming in on (3), we suggest that any solution to the binding problem must: (a) avoid strong emergence, (b) side-step the hard problem of consciousness, (c) circumvent epiphenomenalism, and (d) be compatible with the modern scientific word picture, namely the Standard Model of physics (or whichever future version achieves full causal closure).

Given this background, we then explain that “the binding problem” as stated is in fact conceptually insoluble. Rather, we ought to reformulate it as the “boundary problem”: reality starts out unified, and the real question is how it develops objective and frame invariant boundaries. Additionally, we explain that “classic vs. quantum” is a false dichotomy, at least in so far as “classical explanations” are assumed to involve particles and forces. Field behavior is in fact ubiquitous in conscious experience, and it need not be quantum to be computationally relevant! In fact, we argue that nothing in experience makes sense except in light of holistic field behavior.

We then articulate exactly why all of the previously proposed solutions to the binding problem fail to meet the criteria we outlined. Among them, we cover:

  1. Cellular Automata
  2. Complexity
  3. Synchrony
  4. Integrated Information
  5. Causality
  6. Spatial Proximity
  7. Behavioral Coherence
  8. Mach Principle
  9. Resonance

Finally, we present what we believe is an actual plausible solution to the phenomenal binding problem that satisfies all of the necessary key constraints:

10. Topological segmentation

The case for (10) is far from trivial, which is why it warrants a detailed explanation. It results from realizing that topological segmentation allows us to simultaneously obtain holistic field behavior useful for computation and new and natural regions of fields that we could call “emergent separate beings”. This presents a completely new paradigm, which is testable using elements of the cohomology of electromagnetic fields.

We conclude by speculating about the nature of multiple personality disorder and extreme meditation and psychedelic states of consciousness in light of a topological solution to the boundary problem. Finally, we articulate the fact that, unlike many other theories, this explanation space is in principle completely testable.

~Qualia of the Day: Acqua di Gio by Giorgio Armani and Ambroxan~

Relevant links:


Why are we conscious?

The short answer is that bound moments of experience have useful causal and computational properties that can speed up information processing in a nervous system.

But what are these properties, exactly? And how do we know? In this video I unpack this answer in order to explain (or at least provide a proof of concept explanation for) how bound conscious states accomplish non-trivial speedups in computational problems (e.g. such as the problem of visual reification).

In order to tackle this question we first need to (a) enrich our very conception of computation, and (b) also enrich our conception of intelligence.

(a) Computation: We must realize that the Church-Turing Thesis conception of computation only cares about computing in terms of functions. That is, how inputs get mapped to outputs. But a much more general conception of computation also considers how the substrate allows for computational speed-ups via interacting inner states with intrinsic information. More so, if reality is made of “monads” that have non-zero intrinsic information and interact with one another, then our conception of “computation” must also consider monad networks. And in particular, the “output” of a computation may in fact be an inner bound state rather than just a sequence of discrete outputs (!).

(b) Intelligence: currently this is a folk concept poorly formalized by the instruments with which we measure it (primarily in terms of sequential logics-linguistic processing). But, alas, intelligence is a function of one’s entire world-simulation: even the shading of the texture of the table in front of you is contributing to the way you “see the world” and thus reason about it. So, an enriched conception of intelligence must also take into account: (1) binding, (2) the presence of a self, (3) perspective-taking, (4) distinguishing between the trivial and significant, and (5) state-space of consciousness navigation.

Now that we have these enriched conceptions, we are ready to make sense of the computational role of consciousness: in a way, the whole point of “intelligence” is to avoid brute force solutions by instead recruiting an adequate “self-organizing principle” that can run on the universe’s inherent massively parallel nature. Hence, the “clever” way in which our world-simulation is used: as shown by visual illusions, meditative states, psychedelic experiences, and psychophysics, perception is the result of a balance of field forces that is “just right”. Case in point: our nervous system utilizes the holistic behavior of the field of awareness in order to quickly find symmetry elements (cf. Reverse Grassfire Algorithm).

As a concrete example, I articulate the theoretical synthesis QRI has championed that combines Friston’s Free Energy Principle, Atasoy’s Connectome-Specific Harmonic Waves, Carhart-Harris’ Entropic Disintegration, and QRI’s Symmetry Theory of Valence and Neural Annealing to shows that the nervous system is recruiting the self-organizing principle of annealing to solve a wide range of computational problems. Other principles to be discussed at a later time.

To summarize: the reason we are conscious is because being conscious allows you to recruit self-organizing principles that can run on a massively parallel fashion in order to find solutions to problems at [wave propagation] speed. Importantly, this predicts it’s possible to use e.g. a visual field on DMT in order to quickly find the “energy minima” of a physical state that has been properly calibrated to correspond to the dynamics of a worldsheet in that state. This is falsifiable and exciting.

I conclude with a description of the Goldilock’s Zone of Oneness and why to experience it.

~Qualia of the Day: Dior’s Eau Sauvage (EDT)~

Relevant links:

7 Recent Videos: Rational Analysis of 5-MeO-DMT, Utility Monsters, Neroli, Phenomenal Time, Benzo Withdrawal, Scale-Specific Network Geometry, and Why DMT Feels So Real

5-MeO-DMT: A Rational Analysis at Last (link)

Topics covered: Non-Duality, Symmetry, Valence, Neural Annealing, and Topological Segmentation.

See also:


Befriending Utility Monsters: Being the Adult in the Room When Talking About the Hedonic Extremes (link)

In this episode I connect a broad variety of topics with the following common thread: “What does it mean to be the adult in the room when dealing with extremely valenced states of consciousness?” Essentially, a talk on Utility Monsters.

Concretely, what does it mean to be responsible and sensible when confronted with the fact that pain and pleasure follow a long tail distribution? When discussing ultra-painful or ultra-blissful experiences one needs to take off the glasses we use to reason about “room temperature consciousness” and put on glasses that actually take these states with the seriousness they deserve.

Topics discussed include: The partial 5HT3 antagonism of ginger juice, kidney stones from vitamin C supplementation, 2C-E nausea, phenibut withdrawal, akathisia as a remarkably common side effect of psychiatric medication (neuroleptics, benzos, and SSRIs), negative 5-MeO-DMT trips, the book “LSD and the Mind of the Universe”, turbulence and laminar flow in the “energy body”, being a “mom” at a festival, and more.

Further readings on these topics:


Mapping State-Spaces of Consciousness: The Neroli Neighborhood (link)

What would it be like to have a scent-based medium of thought, with grammar, generative syntax, clauses, subordinate clauses, field geometry, and intentionality? How do we go about exploring the full state-space of scents (or any other qualia variety)?

Topics Covered in this Video: The State-space of Consciousness, Mapping State-Spaces, David Pearce at Oxford, Qualia Enrichment Kits, Character Impact vs. Flavors, Linalool Variants, Clusters of Neroli Scents, Neroli in Perfumes, Neroli vs. Orange Blossom vs. Petigrain vs. Orange/Mandarin/Lemon/Lime, High-Entropy Alloys of Scent, Musks as Reverb and Brown Noise, “Neroli Reconstructions” (synthetic), Semi-synthetic Mixtures, Winner-Takes-All Dynamics in Qualia Spaces, Multi-Phasic Scents, and Non-Euclidean State-Spaces.

Neroli Reconstruction Example:

4 – Linalool
3 – Linalyl Acetate
3 – Valencene
3 – Beta Pinene
2 – Nerolione
2 – Nerolidol
2 – Geraniol Coeur
2 – Hedione
2 – Farnesene
1 – D-Limonene
1 – Nerol
1 – Ambercore
1 – Linalool Oxyde
70 – Ethanol

Further readings:


What is Time? Explaining Time-Loops, Moments of Eternity, Time Branching, Time Reversal, and More… (link)

What is (phenomenal) time?

The feeling of time passing is not the same as physical time.

Albert Einstein discovered that “Newtonian time” was a special case of physical time, since gravity, relativity, and the constancy of the speed of light entails that space, time, mass, and gravity are intimately connected. He, in a sense, discovered a generalization of our common-sense notion of physical time; a generalization which accounts for the effects of moving and accelerating frames of reference on the relative passage of time between observers. Physical time, it turns out, could manifest in many more (exotic) ways than was previously thought.

Likewise, we find that our everyday phenomenal time (i.e. the feeling of time passing) is a special case of a far more general set of possible time-like qualities of experience. In particular, in this video I discuss “exotic phenomenal time” experiences, which include oddities such as time-loops, moments of eternity, time branching, and time reversal. I then go on to explain these exotic phenomenal time experiences with a model we call the “pseudo-time arrow”, which involves implicit causality in the network of sensations we experience on each “moment of experience”. Thus we realize that phenomenal time is an incredibly general property! It turns out that we haven’t even scratched the surface of what’s possible here… it’s about time we do so.

Further readings on this topic:


Benzos: Why the Withdrawal is Worse than the High is Good (+ Flumazenil/NAD+ Anti-Tolerance Action) (link)

Most people have low-resolution models of how drug tolerance works. Folk theories that “what goes up must come down” and theories in the medical establishment about how you can “stabilize a patient on a dose” and expect optimal effects long term get in the way of actually looking at how tolerance works.

In this video I explain why benzo withdrawal is far worse than the high they give you is good.

Core arguments presented:

  1. Benzos can treat anxiety, insomnia, palpitations, seizures, hallucinations, etc. If you use them to treat one of these symptoms, the rebound will nonetheless involve all of them.
  2. Kindling – How long-term use leads to neural annealing of the “withdrawal neural patterns”.
  3. Amnesia effects prevent you from remembering the good parts/only remembering the bad parts.
  4. Neurotoxicity from long-term benzo use makes it harder for your brain to heal.
  5. Arousal as a multiplier of consciousness: on benzos the “high” is low arousal and the withdrawal is high arousal (compared to stimulants where you at least will “sleep through the withdrawal”).
  6. Tolerance still builds up even when you don’t have a “psychoactive dose” in your body – meaning that the extremely long half-life of clonazepam and diazepam and their metabolites (50h+) entails that you still develop long-term tolerance even with weekly or biweekly use!

I then go into how the (empirically false) common-sense view of drug tolerance is delaying promising research avenues, such as “anti-tolerance drugs” (see links below). In particular, NAD+ IV and Flumazenil seem to have large effect sizes for treating benzo withdrawals. I AM NOT CONFIDENT THAT THEY WORK, but I think it is silly to not look into them with our best science at this point. Clinical trials for NAD+ IV therapy for drug withdrawal are underway, and the research to date on flumazenil seems extremely promising. Please let me know if you have any experience using either of these two tools and whether you had success with them or not.

Note: These treatments may also generalize to other GABAergic drugs like gabapentin, alcohol, and phenibut (which also have horrible withdrawals, but are far shorter than benzo withdrawal).

Further readings:

Epileptic patients who have become tolerant to the anti-seizure effects of the benzodiazepine clonazepam became seizure-free for several days after treatment with 1.5 mg of flumazenil.[14] Similarly, patients who were dependent on high doses of benzodiazepines […] were able to be stabilised on a low dose of clonazepam after 7–8 days of treatment with flumazenil.[15]”

Flumazenil has been tested against placebo in benzo-dependent subjects. Results showed that typical benzodiazepine withdrawal effects were reversed with few to no symptoms.[16] Flumazenil was also shown to produce significantly fewer withdrawal symptoms than saline in a randomized, placebo-controlled study with benzodiazepine-dependent subjects. Additionally, relapse rates were much lower during subsequent follow-up.[17]

Source: Flumazenil: Treatment for benzodiazepine dependence & tolerance

Scale-Specific Network Geometry (link)

Is it possible for the “natural growth” of a pandemic to be slower than exponential no matter where it starts? What are ways in which we can leverage the graphical properties of the “contact network” of humanity in order to control contagious diseases? In this video I offer a novel way of analyzing and designing networks that may allow us to easily prevent the exponential growth of future pandemics.

Topics covered: The difference between the aesthetic of pure math vs. applied statistics when it comes to making sense of graphs. Applications of graph analysis. Identifying people with a high centrality in social networks. Klout scores. Graphlets. Kinds of graphs: geometric, small world, scale-free, empirical (galactic core + “whiskers”). Pandemics being difficult to control due to exponential growth. Using a sort of “pandemic Klout score” to prioritize who to quarantine, who to vaccinate first. The network properties that made the plague spread so slowly in the Middle Ages. Toroidal planets as having linear pandemic growth after a certain threshold number of infections. Non-integer graph dimensionality. Dimensional chokes. And… kitchen sponges.

Readings either referenced in the video or useful to learn more about this topic:

Leskovec’s paper (the last link above):

Main Empirical Findings: Our results suggest a rather detailed and somewhat counterintuitive picture of the community structure in large networks. Several qualitative properties of community structure are nearly universal:

• Up to a size scale, which empirically is roughly 100 nodes, there not only exist well-separated communities, but also the slope of the network community profile plot is generally sloping downward. (See Fig. 1(a).) This latter point suggests, and empirically we often observe, that smaller communities can be combined into meaningful larger communities.

• At size scale of 100 nodes, we often observe the global minimum of the network community profile plot. (Although these are the “best” communities in the entire graph, they are usually connected to the remainder of the network by just a single edge.)

• Above the size scale of roughly 100 nodes, the network community profile plot gradually increases, and thus there is a nearly inverse relationship between community size and community quality. This upward slope suggests, and empirically we often observe, that as a function of increasing size, the best possible communities as they grow become more and more “blended into” the remainder of the network.

We have also examined in detail the structure of our social and information networks. We have observed that an ‘jellyfish’ or ‘octopus’ model [33, 7] provides a rough first approximation to structure of many of the networks we have examined.

Ps. Forgot to explain the sponge’s relevance: the scale-specific network geometry of a sponge is roughly hyperbolic at a small scale. Then the material is cubic at medium scale. And at the scale where you look at it as flat (being a sheet with finite thickness) it is two dimensional.


Why Does DMT Feel So Real? Multi-modal Coherence, High Temperature Parameter, Tactile Hallucinations (link)

Why does DMT feel so “real”? Why does it feel like you experience genuine mind-independent realities on DMT?

In this video I explain that we all implicitly rely on a model of which signals are trustworthy and which ones are not. In particular, in order to avoid losing one’s mind during an intense exotic experience (such as those catalyzed by psychedelics, dissociatives, or meditation) one needs to (a) know that you are altered, (b) have a good model of what that alteration entails, and (c) that the alteration is not strong enough that it breaks down either (a) or (b). So drugs that make you forget you are under the influence, or that you don’t know how to model (or have a mistaken model of) can deeply disrupt your “web of trusted beliefs”.

I argue that one cannot really import the models that one learned from other psychedelics about “what psychedelics do” to DMT; DMT alters you in a far broader way. For example, most people on LSD may mistrust what they see, but they will not mistrust what they touch (touch stays a “trusted signal” on LSD). But on DMT you can experience tactile hallucinations that are coherent with one’s visions! “Crossing the veil” on DMT is not a visual experience: it’s a multi-modal experience, like entering a cave hiding behind a waterfall.

Some of the signals that DMT messes with that often convince people that what they experienced was mind-independent include:

  1. Hyperbolic geometry and mathematical complexity; experiencing “impossible objects”.
  2. Incredibly high-resolution multi-modal integration: hallucinations are “coherent” across senses.
  3. Philosophical qualia enhancement: it alters not only your senses and emotions, but also “the way you organize models of reality”.
  4. More “energized” experiences feel inherently more real, and DMT can increase the energy parameter to an extreme degree.
  5. Highly valenced experiences also feel more real – the bliss and the horror are interpreted as “belonging to the vibe of a reality” rather than being just a property of your experience.
  6. DMT can give you powerful hallucinations in every modality: not only visual hallucinations, but also tactile, auditory, scent, taste, and proprioception.
  7. Novel and exotic feelings of “electromagnetism”.
  8. Sense of “wisdom”.
  9. Knowledge of your feelings: the entities know more about you than you yourself know about yourself.

With all of these signals being liable to chaotic alterations on DMT it makes sense that even very bright and rational people may experience a “shift” in their beliefs about reality. The trusted signals will have altered their consilience point. And since each point of consilience between trusted signals entails a worldview, people who believe in the independent reality of the realms disclosed by DMT share trust in some signals most people don’t even know exist. We can expect some pushback for this analysis by people who trust any of the signals altered by DMT listed above. Which is fine! But… if we want to create a rational Super-Shulgin Academy to really make some serious progress in mapping-out the state-space of consciousness, we will need to prevent epistemological mishaps. I.e. We have to model insanity so that we ourselves can stay sane.

[Skip to 4:20 if you don’t care about the scent of rose – the Qualia of the Day today]

Further readings:

“The most common descriptive labels for the entity were being, guide, spirit, alien, and helper. […] Most respondents endorsed that the entity had the attributes of being conscious, intelligent, and benevolent, existed in some real but different dimension of reality, and continued to exist after the encounter.”

Source: Survey of entity encounter experiences occasioned by inhaled N,N-dimethyltryptamine: Phenomenology, interpretation, and enduring effects

That’s it for now!

Please feel free to suggest topics for future videos!

Infinite bliss!

– Andrés

5-MeO-DMT vs. N,N-DMT: The 9 Lenses

TL;DR

Some substances seem to be much better at treating psychological trauma than others, even when they are seemingly similar in nature. We have reason to believe that 5-MeO-DMT is significantly better suited for this task than N,N-DMT (“DMT” from now on). In order to gain insight into why this difference exists, we investigate the phenomenological differences and similarities between the experiences produced by these two tryptamine psychedelics. In particular, we develop 9 lenses that show promise for understanding how 5-MeO-DMT and DMT differ:

  1. Space vs. Form: 5-MeO is more space-like than DMT.
  2. Crystals vs. Quasi-Crystals: 5-MeO generates more perfectly repeating rhythms and hallucinations than DMT.
  3. Non-Attachment vs. Attachment: 5-MeO seems to enable detachment from the craving of both existence and non-existence, whereas DMT enhances the craving.
  4. Underfitting vs. Overfitting: 5-MeO reduces one’s model complexity whereas DMT radically increases it.
  5. Fixed Points and Limit Cycles vs. Chaotic Attractors: 5-MeO’s effect on feedback leads to stable and predictable attractors while DMT’s attractors are inherently chaotic.
  6. Modulation of Lateral Inhibition: 5-MeO may reduce lateral inhibition while DMT may enhance it.
  7. Diffuse Attention vs. Focused Attention: 5-MeO diffuses attention uniformly over large regions of one’s experiential field, while DMT seems to focus it.
  8. Big Chunks and Tiny Chunks vs. A Power Law of Chunks: 5-MeO creates a few huge phases of experience (as in phases of matter) with a few remaining specks, while DMT produces a more organic power law distribution of chunk sizes.
  9. Integration vs. Fragmentation: 5-MeO seems to give rise to “neural integration” involving the entrainment of any two arbitrary subnetworks (even when they usually do not talk to each other), while DMT fragments communication between most networks but massively enhances it between some specific kinds of networks.

All of this together suggests that 5-MeO-DMT is better at helping you “reconnect with yourself” than DMT. And this may be key to treating trauma effectively.


What is Trauma?

I will start out by briefly mentioning an interesting property of psychological trauma. You see, trauma has a lot of somatic manifestations. Feeling disconnected from yourself,  like you are full of blockages, that you have numb regions in your body despite no physical damage, and so on, are all quintessential ways in which trauma shows up in a person’s everyday life. Given these manifestations, do these suggest any new way of treating this? How about using something that facilitates the communication between parts of your nervous system that are not on “speaking terms” with each other? Would giving our nervous system a kind of vibration that simultaneously entrains any two of its regions to make them act as a unit be of any help?


Psychotropic Treatment of Trauma

Based on tens of interviews, hundreds of trip reports, and a literature review, I have arrived at a tentative short list of drugs that have the highest potential to heal trauma (in decreasing order):

  1. 5-MeO-DMT
  2. MDMA
  3. Ketamine

They are all synergistic combined with music, vibration, strobes, and olfaction. And when wisely used, they all have the ability to help you move on past pain: stop ruminating, stop feeling like your behavior is inhibited, and stop having panic attacks associated with your past experiences.

At some point in the future I will provide direct empirical evidence for the claim that these three substances are uniquely good for treating trauma. Arguably psilocybin, ayahuasca, and LSD can be helpful in processing traumatic experiences too. But my claim is that the options I listed are uniquely good at deeply resolving the issues at an emotional level and bringing to you the opportunity to feel a profound and lasting sense of inner peace.

DMT won’t help as much as 5-MeO-DMT.

MDA is not as good as MDMA.

And DXM, ok, perhaps it can also be quite useful for trauma… but ketamine has something “extra” that really helps.

What is this?


harmonic_society


The Koan: 5-MeO-DMT, MDMA, Ketamine?

Perhaps we could gain a new perspective by framing this as a Koan: what do MDMA, 5-MeO-DMT, and ketamine have in common? You HAVE to the figure this out in the next 24 hours, or your guru will literally cut your cat in half. Motivated enough?

What do you do? Well, you start out by borrowing psychopharmacology books from the library. But does that help? When it comes to trauma, in traditional textbook neuroscience MDMA is at best just a footnote. Ketamine is not even mentioned for the most part, unless the book is hip, but even then it will be mentioned in the chapter about anaesthetics and painkillers; its psychoactive effects will be glossed over as “emergent phenomena”. No! What are you doing? Wasn’t John C. Lilly already talking about the far-out, extraordinarily bizarre, perhaps even literally inter-dimensional properties of “vitamin K” way back in the 70s? Then why is my 2007 “Drugs and the Brain” textbook so totally lacking in any kind of genuine phenomenological insight about this stuff?

And what about 5-MeO-DMT? You are lucky if the term appears even once in your $800 textbook. And if it does indeed appear, you can bet it will also be in a footnote, this time concerning matters such as “psychoactive animals”, “other tryptamines”, and “mesoamerican entheogens”. You will neither see 5-MeO-DMT mentioned in a personal identity philosophy textbook, nor in a neuroscience treatise on “neural synchrony”, nor in the part of academia focused on “innovation in the treatment of mental illness”.

It is sad to admit, but the official main-lined level of interest in the three most promising therapeutic tools for trauma listed above is a matter of sorting and assembling footnotes.

I am exaggerating a bit, of course.

MDMA’s therapeutic potential is gaining traction thanks to the tireless work of MAPS. S-Ketamine is now approved as an anti-depressant. And while 5-MeO-DMT is gaining popularity at a glacial pace, it is at this point by no means a secret. An increasing number of vocal members of the psychedelic community have been talking about 5-MeO-DMT for some years. People who have publicly emphasized how different five is from other psychedelics include Hamilton Morris, James Oroc, Martin Ball, Leo Gura, and Rak Razam. But what we still lack is rigorous scientific backing for these claims. After all, everyone is likely to want to sell their aesthetic preferences as universal truths about beauty and bliss, right? Thankfully, there are some early scientific indications already:

The above graph comes from a 2018 study that investigated the therapeutic effects of 5-MeO-DMT-containing toad venom relative to psilocybin. The dose used (the amount of buffo venom vaporized) had an estimated content of 5-7mg of 5-MeO-DMT, and the researchers classified 75% of the resulting experiences as meeting the criteria for a “complete mystical experience”. It measured people’s level of response with the Mystical Experiences Questionnaire (MEQ30), and as you can see from the graph above, in every category 5-MeO-DMT seems to be more powerful than psilocybin. The level of effectiveness was indeed found to be higher than all but the highest dose of psilocybin, and chances are that the study couldn’t show it was more effective than that because it was underpowered to detect it, and not because there is no difference (in other words, the sample size was not large enough for the difference between high-dose psilocybin and 5-MeO-DMT to reach statistical significance). Also bear in mind the key difference that the trip lasts under 20 minutes in total, meaning that even if the trip fails to produce full effects, you can still afford to try it again ten more times in the same time interval that it would have taken you to experience a full psilocybin trip. More so, it is important to point out that the dose of 5-MeO-DMT taken by the participants of this study is considered to be at the edge between “light” and “common” in PsychonautWiki’s entry on the drug*. Indeed, for many people the “breakthrough” tends to happen around 10mg, and I’ve heard of people using up to 30mg of it at a time. (Beware: if you ever try this – please don’t jump straight to a high dose, as this can cause serious trauma as a result.) Therefore, I think it is reasonable to expect that future studies will confirm what anecdotal data is currently screaming: that 5-MeO-DMT is more “powerful” and “mystical” in its effects than psilocybin, LSD, DMT, 2C-B, and all the rest.

But what this “power” and “mysticism” exactly amounts to still lacks clear and useful definitions. More so, is there any concrete reason why 5-MeO-DMT may be also superior at healing trauma relative to, eg. LSD or psilocybin? Technically, one could currently argue that since the presentation of “complete mystical states” is a mediating factor in whether psilocybin has long-lasting psychological benefits, that 5-MeO-DMT is more effective simply because it has a higher probability of causing this effect. But I would argue that the texture of 5-MeO-DMT peak experiences is different and not only just more intense, and that the way in which it is different matters for its therapeutic value.

To investigate this particular difference, we now move on to examining the phenomenological difference between 5-MeO-DMT and DMT.


5-MeO-DMT vs. N,N-DMT: The 9 Lenses

My experience is that a reasonable ~20% of people I talk to who have a long-standing interest in psychedelics have heard about 5-MeO-DMT’s special properties. However, only a much smaller percentage of people have actually tried it. At Qualia Computing we have talked about its exceptional phenomenological properties a number of times. Yet it remains that most readers who reach out have not themselves experienced it. Hence I have not really had access to quality trip reports in order to say anything meaningful about the way in which it is different from DMT.

Thankfully, I’ve recently interviewed someone who has a decent level of experience with 5-MeO-DMT (20+ trips), along with a significant level of experience with vaporized DMT (100+ trips), and is also acquainted with the combination (10+ trips with both substances at once).

Given the incredibly intense psychoactive effects of 5-MeO-DMT (both for good and bad), most people struggle to put into words anything meaningful about the state. That said, as it has been the case with a number of other states of consciousness (e.g. LSD, DMT, and MDMA) I feel compelled to try to offer a sane, rational, agnostic, and pragmatic description of its phenomenology. In particular, I think that 5-MeO-DMT’s unique trauma-healing potential really deserves a close look. I believe that it sheds light on a wide range of topics of interest such as neural annealing, the Symmetry Theory of Valence, and the pseudo-time arrow (video). With this in mind, I inquired with my interviewee about the differences between N,N-DMT and 5-MeO-DMT. Together, after a lengthy open-ended discussion, we found the following ways to compare them:

1. Space vs. Form

QRI - Art and Consciousness copy 33QRI - Art and Consciousness copy 29

One of the first things that stands out when you take DMT at even small doses is the way in which colors get intensified. This is a special case of a very generalizable effect: in fact, every perceptual feature you can point to is enhanced while on DMT, from the sharpness of edges and pointy things to the feeling of movement and rotation. The interviewee indeed said that a brain on DMT “becomes a powerful qualia machine“.

After trying 5-MeO-DMT for the first time, most people already familiar with DMT mention something along the lines of “I was surprised that I didn’t see many colors.” The visual component of five is rarely very colorful; if color appears, it is in the form of a golden or sometimes light faint magenta or green hue. For the most part, the visual component of the experience is black and/or white. At times, one can see rainbow halos, but like rare subatomic particles, on 5-MeO-DMT rainbow colors come in and out of the vacuum, as if somehow equivalent to it. The bulk of the visuals manifest in a dazzling sense of spaciousness, as if there was a cosmic paint called “transparent/translucent”. The space often feels immeasurable due to a lack of a reference frame from which to make a judgement in terms of known comparisons. But what inevitably stands out is that the space seems large, uniform, harmonious, smooth, and luminous. Somatic feelings blend with this space, and the uniformity and symmetry of it allows for energy to seamlessly move throughout it. It really is a remarkable effect, one which can easily give rise to the felt-sense of Open Individualism. Yet, despite the engrossingly engaging character of these feelings, there is very little narrative complexity in sight.

Who knew that empty space could be so much fun? That you could fit so much love and bliss in an (experiential) vacuum? More so, the more you are able to relax into it, the more you embrace the waves of equanimity, the more you allow the space to become perfectly smooth and seamless… the more blissful it all gets!**

2. Crystals and Quasi-Crystals

Here is an interesting thing – ultrasound has been used in order to bias the way in which water crystals form, and thus creating much more “cubical” water than is otherwise possible. More generally, the phenomenon of vibration affecting crystallization processes is worth considering as an explanatory framework. DMT comes with a particular vibe that some have identified as having a characteristic frequency somewhere between 20 and 30Hz, whereas 5-MeO-DMT’s vibe seems to be a notch higher, perhaps in the range of 30 to 40Hz. On these drugs, your attention is jittered back and forth at a certain frequency, and this affects your ability to focus on any given part of your experience. The specific jittering itself makes it harder and easier to construct and manipulate certain thought-forms over others.

Speculatively, this model says that the jittering of attention caused by 5-MeO-DMT and DMT give rise to crystal and quasi-crystal building blocks, respectively, for phenomenal objects in one’s experience.

Phenomenologically, it seems that the vibratory signature of DMT effects doesn’t wrap around your experience an integer number of times. Thus, what we will call, for lack of a better term, the qualia crystals that form while on DMT seem to be inherently unstable and alien to your normal way of cogitating. The fact that the vibrations don’t fit perfectly in one’s experiential field forces it to bend out of shape to accommodate such vibrations. The result is constant chaos – fluid instabilities as the core effect.

Spatial_KH_2D_vorticity

Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (source)

On the other hand, with 5-MeO-DMT, it’s as if the vibration activates parts of the field of experience in exactly the right way for them to blend, unite, and resonate with one another. The vibrations fit perfectly inside one’s experiential field, and allows it to relax into its own natural shape. And this allows for perfect crystals of awareness to peacefully grow, multiply, and synchronize.

It is of course surprising that a tiny difference in the frequency of the vibe could have such large effects in the way phenomenology crystallizes. But this is true for other systems. When one talks about the complexity of shapes in resonant systems, for instance, Lissajou curves can provide a helpful intuition pump: in Lissajou curves, merely changing one of the frequencies by a small relative amount can result in a huge difference between the pictures drawn. From a simple circle to a complex mesh.

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According to the interviewee, 5-MeO-DMT would neatly correspond to one of the simplest Lissajou curves above, while the DMT sensations would be better evoked by one of the meshy ones.

With that said, it is worth mentioning that 5-MeO-DMT is probably not hitting the right frequencies merely by chance. It’s probably more that it is activating a system whose attractor is self-correcting and results in the kind of symmetrical crystallization that gives rise to deep feelings of bliss.

3. Attachment to Existence and Non-Existence

5-MeO seems to point at a super general sense of “relaxation”. A meditation teacher, Ajahn Brahm, talking about jhanas said that his mantra to achieve states of deep concentration and peace was: “Relax… to the maaaaaaaxxxx…”.

And according to the interviewee, the thrust of 5-MeO is that it feels like your nervous system is paradoxically injected with a lot of energy and yet the vibe of this energy is that of total and complete- ultimate?- relaxation. But our body and mind are not used to relaxing deeply. The contrast between this energy and one’s usual neurotic state can itself produce a lot of dissonance and resistance. In most cases, this is transient and contained to the first couple of minutes of the experience, though in higher doses and with bad luck, it can also spiral out of control. On small and moderate doses the energetic vibe of “relax to the max” takes over one’s experiential center of mass and teaches the rest of your nervous system how to relax.

It vibrates your nervous system in just the right way that all of your tensions, and hidden knots, and internalized stresses, bubble up to the surface, and you have the chance to try to “unravel” all of that tension.

After taking it a couple of times, you get the very nice feeling of being OK with whatever happens. 5-MeO-DMT might be described as a drug that allows you to reduce “thirst, craving, desire” in a very generalized kind of way. In Buddhist terms, this would be to reduce “Taṇhā“, which comes in three different kinds: “kāma-taṇhā (craving for sensual pleasures), bhava-taṇhā (craving for existence), and vibhava-taṇhā (craving for non-existence).” While we are used to hearing religious figures and moralists talk about the importance of not experiencing cravings for sensual pleasure, popular culture still lacks legible myths about the craving for existence and non-existence. So it comes as a shock for someone who has never developed meditative introspective insight just how much of our suffering has the flavor of either craving for existence or non-existence. Dosing on 5-MeO-DMT gives you a glimpse for what a mind devoid of these more subtle forms of craving feels like.

DMT comes with a vibratory frenzy that directly causes a lot of knots and tiny stress points throughout your entire experiential field. And to a large extent, how the experience unfolds is the result of you trying to manage all of those knots and stress points to avoid having them accumulate and concentrate in painful ways. The effect of this is that DMT acutely increases attachment to existence and non-existence. You wonder “what am I in this world?” and then cling to it, along with an intense fear of losing yourself in the world of vibration. The fear is quite involuntary and primal. And because you are clinging to who or what you are, there is something that you can lose, and that contributes to the feeling that the stakes are very high.acacia-trees-grown-on-the-african-savannah-stock-video-footage-png-tree-savannah-1920_1080

On 5-MeO you look at a landscape- say a tree in a Savannah- and you can see it in the most Zen way you can possibly imagine (and I don’t mean cutting cats in half). You think: “there is neither someone nor nobody in there” and “it’s all just arising and passing of ephemera”.

On DMT you look at the same landscape and you feel: “Oh gosh, what AM I in here? Am I that rock over there? That rock seems threatened by erosion! Am I the tree? But what if something comes and eats the tree?” and so on.

On DMT you feel like you are one of many little beings in a vast ecosystem. On 5-MeO-DMT you step back and you “realize” that you are the entire ecosystem.

In turn, this may explain to some extent the fact that the content of DMT hallucinations is often filled with exotic beings. And almost always, these beings have hyper-specific ways of life, tastes, intentions, and beliefs. The realms you experience on DMT are all saturated with attachment to existence and non-existence, and the beings you interact with are no exception. In fact, they may be a manifestation of those intensified cravings! From the interviewee:

“I’ve taken DMT about 100 times and have encountered many different vibes and kinds of intelligences in those realms. I’d love to map out the possible narratives – there are so many! Loosely speaking, I’ve had many different encounters with intelligent beings: from blissfully angelic and benevolent to outright demonic. Most of the beings I’ve encountered are somewhere in-between, and for the most part, tend to have pretty dualistic mindsets.

There is this whole class of beings I’d identify as harlequins/jesters that just love to play tricks with perception (I’m sure that’s what Terrence McKenna was pointing at).

Then there are “artists” which have a particular style that they explore and can range from emotionally self-sufficient to aggressively in-your-face about their work. The “look at THIS and look at THIS and look at THIS!!” kind of stance, where you are not given enough time to process what they’ve already shown you before they thrust even more stuff into you, and then attach ‘cookies’ into your etheric body to track you in future trips so you “like” and “subscribe” to their “interdimensional channel” or something like that.

There’s also a lot of beings that seem to want to tell you that they are confident that God does not exist and that “everything is allowed”. And I’ve felt that they are really indifferent to morality, but still have powerful abilities and unique qualia of a more scientific bent.

I once also encountered what felt like a true sadistic demon that played some really nasty tricks on my perception, and filled me with “etheric bugs” and had hundreds of little minions to attack me in many unpleasant ways. That said, I blame this on the fact that I was sleep deprived when I took DMT that one time, and it’s never happened before or since. But that experience gave me a lot of respect for the drug.

I’ve also encountered realms where they actually do consciousness research as such, and are benevolent and into engineering paradises. I even asked one of them if they knew my favorite philosopher, and they said “yes, what a nice fellow – we hope he will be more widely known in the future. We just wished that he wasn’t so sad a lot of the time.”

I have found that my pre-existing mood is the single most important variable that determines the kind of intelligences I encounter. So I’d really like to someday try MDMA and DMT combined. I suspect those would be very angelic beings most of the time.

Interestingly, I feel that while DMT feels profoundly spiritual, to a large extent it is less “nondual” than most other psychedelics. A lot of beings I’ve encountered simply don’t seem to care about oneness at all. But on LSD, mushrooms, and of course 5-MeO-DMT, the Golden Rule seems to play a very central role in the experience. Those experiences are much more of a “teaching” than the wacky stuff one encounters in the DMT realms.

When you take 5-MeO-DMT and DMT at the same time, you can really feel the contrast between the dualistic “us vs. them” vibe that underlies DMT and the unitive sense that underlies 5-MeO-DMT. I’ve experimented with the combo and found it to be super informative. And usually, I realize that while DMT turns your brain into a high-octane “qualia machine”, 5-MeO is in fact much more peaceful and happy in a deeper sense. I’d like to understand both, but my preferred “home” would be for sure the 5-MeO realms.”

4. Underfitting vs. Overfitting

One interesting lens with which to make sense of the difference between people who are open to experience and people who are not is that of model complexity, which casts this difference in terms of the statistical concepts of underfitting and overfitting.

Having narrow views, simple explanations, and enduring preferences is very good when the world itself is either very simple or impossible to understand. But having complex views, multi-layered explanations, and flexible preferences is more adaptive than the alternative in a world that is both complex and can be understood with some effort.

Indeed, some speculation about the nature of sleep from the predictive coding paradigm of cognition is that dreaming is a process of model complexity reduction. The information that we accumulate over the span of a day is incorporated in an ad-hoc fashion while awake, and only properly integrated (and pruned) after a good night’s sleep. This at least provides the theoretical precedent for describing a specific state of consciousness in terms of its effects on model complexity. And here we would propose that as a very general effect profile, 5-MeO-DMT reduces model complexity while N,N-DMT increases it.

As a consequence, we would posit that people who take five a lot will converge towards compelling yet over-simplified models of realty, whereas people who use DMT a lot will converge to overly complex and unnecessarily detailed explanation for even the simplest of phenomena.1__7OPgojau8hkiPUiHoGK_w

Perhaps in the future people could be diagnosed as chronic overfitters and underfitters. In turn, these two drugs could be given by prescription, for the maladies of improper model selection practices:

N,N-DMT would be given to the sufferers of too much worldview simplicity. People like this believe that the world is dominated by the struggle between capitalism and communism. They think that there is a 50% chance that God almighty exists. They assign zero probability to unlikely events, such as lizard people power conspiracies. In people like this, DMT is a powerful mind enhancer capable of challenging cartoonishly simple background assumptions and introducing a healthy dose of skepticism in mainstream narratives.

5-MeO-DMT would instead be given to people who are overwhelmingly embroiled in complex interpretations of the nature of reality. Whether it is in the realm of conspiracy theories, religious cults, the biochemistry of aging, or any such hopelessly convoluted field of research, a little five will unscramble the mind of the compulsive overfitter. Thanks to the drug, the Bayesian puncture, the Occam’s cut, and the pragmatic so what coalesce into a decimating hit to the load-bearing hub-nodes that feed unfalsifiable belief systems. The model complexity reduction effect dissolves entire subfields, assimilates clusters, and seamlessly mends discontinuities in the reality mappings of the patient. At moderate dosages and treatment regimes, the sufferer recovers fully. The sufferer often ends up healed of their traumas, and occasionally healed of many more things than expected. At levels much above those of the therapeutic standard of care, there is a risk that the treatment may result in the healing of the fundamental traumas of conscious experience. The drug may offer the patient a chance to relinquish phenomenal reality in exchange for an extemporal “ultimate relief”. To extinguish the flame of existence, as they say.41592_2016_Article_BFnmeth3968_Fig1_HTML

Importantly, after 5-MeO-DMT therapy, the patient is, let’s say (for the sake of speculating), 20 times as likely as members of the general public to say yes to questions like “Are we all one consciousness?”, “Is the world a process created for the refinement of our souls?” and “Is the universe made of infinite consciousness?”.

So where does that leave us? The good news is that this may have game-theoretical benefits for the side of consciousness in the eternal battle between consciousness and pure replicators. The bad news is that it can overwrite important information obtained from the senses, one’s education, and logical reasoning:

Becoming the God of “I-AM-Now-ness” and filling your entire experiential field with that flavor of awakening is a recipe for ecstasy, not for good epistemology.

Indeed, the patient may become a bit hooked to the simplification of their model complexity; to make reality as they know be replaced by a simpler, yet more intense, version of perceived reality is very tempting. It can be seductive to embrace a view like “you are God and you have created everything for your own amusement” or “you are the dream of God”. Rather than compassion, why not indifference? Being the “way God entertains itself” is both poetically satisfying and super trippy. A lot of people would find that such belief adds some spice to their lives. Overfitting-and-underfitting-effect-on-error

But the price of truth is everything. In turn, it would be ideal to complement any model complexity reduction that goes too far with a healthy amount of prediction errors.

5. Fixed-Points and Limit Cycles vs. Chaotic Attractors

The brain contains many self-correcting feedback systems. Psychedelics in general can be modeled as drugs that mess with the inhibitory component of excitation-inhibition feedback systems. They accomplish this, quite possibly, by disrupting the inhibitory serotonergic connections coming from the cortex that gate the excitatory input coming from the thalamus. This may account for why tracers look the way they do – the failure to inhibit the thalamus results in looped replays of recent states. This may go a long way in explaining why people find “video feedback” so trippy and fascinating. Namely, because a lot of psychedelic effects can be understood as feedback getting out of control, literally.

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More concretely, at the Harvard talk on the Hyperbolic Geometry of DMT experiences I introduced this notion that each DMT experience as a whole can be thought of as a trajectory in the energy vs. complexity landscape. Here, the vertical axis indicates the degree of energy of the experience (roughly corresponding to the intensity, brightness, and amount of qualia), while the horizontal axis represents how much information is encoded in the experience. One interesting operationalization of information is through the concept of symmetry breaking***, in which case the horizontal axis approximately tracks the “distance from perfectly symmetrical spaces in terms of number of symmetry breaking operations”.

I then postulated that we could generate an ontology based on feedback + noise to explain how two DMT trips of roughly the same level of intensity can nonetheless contain very different amounts of information.

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What I did not mention at the time was that while DMT does have the ability to send you to any place in the energy-complexity landscape, most of the experiences are in the region of middle-complexity. In fact, especially strong DMT trips tend to become fully chaotic, so there is even a mild correlation between dosage and complexity. On the other hand, 5-MeO-DMT tends to propel you towards the low-complexity region of the space.

Using a feedback system ontology we could thus posit that 5-MeO-DMT modifies the feedback parameters of your brain in such a way that the states it gives rise to are ether fixed points or short limit cycles:

The video above depicts a fixed point (as with the other animations below, I took this from an old 1984 video about video feedback you can see here). A fixed point is a configuration of the system that is stable upon feedback iterations. In the video above we see a fixed point consisting of a cross (presumably the result of the camera having a 90 degree tilt) that is then perturbed and eventually collapses into just a single circular dot at the center.

The above are limit cycles. The first (left) is a comparatively simple limit cycle in that every stage along its reproduction cycle is very similar to each other. The second (right) one is a bit more complex, yet despite a long winded path, it really does repeat more or less perfectly over and over. 5-MeO-DMT limit cycles are more akin to the one on the left, but on occasion may be a bit more complex and rhythmic over the span of seconds. Either way, there is often a strong pull towards a simple resonant pattern with remarkable stability.

Contrast that with chaotic attractors:

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Chaotic pseudo-time arrow

When we have actual chaos, the states continue to change indefinitely. We could then posit that DMT’s characteristic jittering seems to prevent the formation of stable fixed points or short limit cycles. Despite both DMT and 5-MeO-DMT disrupting feedback in the brain, the subtle differences in the way parameters of this feedback are modified can make all the difference between perfectly simple and smooth results and the endless generation of chaotic structures.

6. Modulating Lateral Inhibition

Another exciting lens with which to look at the difference between these psychedelics is by allusion to lateral inhibition: according to a couple of recent trip reports I received from another anonymous source, there is a remarkable difference between the tracers of 5-MeO-DMT and those of DMT. In particular, the anonymous tripper points out that DMT tracers are chains of concatenated positive and negative after-images of the stimulation source, whereas 5-MeO-DMT only produces positive after-images.

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Stare at the cross. The green ball you see as a result is the “negative after-image” of the missing purple dot. 

In other words, when you see a blue ball moving on a screen, on DMT you will see tracers of that ball that change in color from blue to yellow to blue again and so on, all following after the original blue ball. But on 5-MeO-DMT, one will only see a long blue tracer. This is a remarkable difference, and if true, it would seem to be an important hint.****

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Orientation selectivity map in the visual cortex

Lateral inhibition in the cortex prevents the overlapping of incompatible features in one’s own experience. For example, the primary visual cortex shows a map of orientation selectivity as shown above. Each hypercolumn is selective to only a specific orientation, and the surrounding hypercolumns are selective to different orientations. More so, via lateral inhibition, when a hypercolumn is activated, it inhibits the surrounding ones.

In this model, DMT would perhaps leave this process untouched, so that when the brain is massively energized, it still maintains this flip-flopping between each feature and its complement. Indeed, some people have described DMT as turning half of your neurons fully on, the other half of your neurons fully off, then inverting the activation so that the off neurons are turned on and the on ones are turned off, and flip-flopping between these two steps many times per second. Could this be the phenomenal expression of having energized checkerboard patterns of excitation and inhibition saturating your cortex? That is, taking a system with in-built lateral inhibition into over-drive?

5-MeO-DMT, on the contrary, seems to allow for “all colors to blend together into pure white light”, and “the past and the future to collapse into the present”, and the “self-other distinction to be dissolved”, and so on. Intuitively, if the drug is biochemically disabling lateral inhibition, that could be reflected as a profound sense of unity and interconnectedness at the phenomenological level, “transcending every last barrier”.

7. Diffuse Attention vs. Focused Attention

As we mentioned earlier, DMT tends to come with a feeling of “becoming tense” while 5-MeO-DMT has a primary vibe of “becoming relaxed”. One way in which we can model this is in the way the drugs influence whether your attention is focused or diffuse. Now, I should say that this model will be necessarily incomplete because at the peak of a 5-MeO experience one often does in fact feel super focused in some way. But I would posit that this sense of focus is much more holistic than the way our common-sense use of the term would suggest. The focus on DMT, on the other hand, does feel very much akin to the “conventional” sense of focus, where you are able to precisely position figure and ground in such a way that they have as much contrast as possible.dmt_from_scalable_locally_injective_maps

In a way, the beings one encounters on DMT could be thought of as “attentional attractors”. As you create a lot of little focal points during the experience, these begin to build up and define the contents of your mind. Each focal point makes it easier for you to create another one nearby. This snowballs into an effect where there are clusters of focal points that become the “centers of mass” of the narrative. These could very well be what underlies the “beings” on DMT. Using Buddhist terms again, DMT beings might perhaps be thought of as exotic “nimittas“: attention hubs.

Also, because the experience is high-dimensional and changes your sense of what “understanding” even means, it seems that the feeling of super-intelligence on DMT might be a projection of one’s own super-intelligence (of a certain kind) in the state.

In contrast, 5-MeO-DMT makes it easy to de-focus on anything. To let go, and experience it in a diffuse way.

8. Big Chunks and Tiny Chunks vs. A Power Law of Chunks

Geology uses the word matrix in way that is very different from either math or science fiction aficionados. In geology, a matrix is the entire mass of materials on a rock within which crystals, grains, and clasts are found. As Anders and Maggie discussed recently, the way in which minerals form depends to a large extent on the presence of water in the process of crystallization. The huge diversity of minerals we see on Earth’s surface is partly a result of the availability of water in the mantle. Perhaps a lens with which to see DMT is as playing the same role in the brain as water does in fractional crystallization. It lubricates the matrix of your mind, which enables the crystallization of countless qualia exotica. 5-MeO-DMT instead homogenizes the kinds of crystals that can form.

In brief, DMT is to 5-MeO-DMT as a matrix of diverse minerals is to a mono-phasic large enclave. DMT is like complex music (cf. music as an ordered phase of sound) while 5-MeO-DMT is like a single mantra repeated over and over. Is this metaphor useful? It seemed to resonate with the interviewee.

9. Integration vs. Fragmentation

In Neural Annealing, Mike Johnson argues that what makes MDMA special for healing trauma is what at QRI we call integration:

On MDMA’s strangely powerful therapeutic effects, I’d suggest MDMA shares the ‘basic psychedelic package’ with substances like LSD and psilocybin (albeit a little weaker at common doses). Anything with this ‘baseline’ package significantly increases the energy parameter of the brain, which both allows escape from bad local minima and canalizes the brain’s core CSHWs, which both should be highly therapeutic. My intuition is MDMA may also have a particular effect on stochastic firing frequencies of neurons, and that this effect essentially acts as an emergent metronome – and this metronome will drive synchronicity between diverse brain regions. Given the presence of such a region-spanning ‘clean’ metronomic signal, brain regions that have partially ‘stopped talking to each other’ will re-establish integration, and some of this integration will persist while sober (or rather, some of the reasons for the lack of integration will have been negotiated away during the MDMA-driven integration). Plausibly this ‘emergent metronome’ effect may also underlie the particular phenomenological effects of 5-MeO-DMT as well, particularly in terms of sense of unity, high valence, and therapeutic potential. (HT to Steve Lehar for pointing at this ’nystagmus’ phenomenon as being somehow linked to MDMA’s mood-lifting effect, and to Andrés for calling my attention to Lehar’s work and suggesting 5-MeO-DMT may also share this mechanism.)

Like most other psychedelics, N,N-DMT also shares the same ‘basic psychedelic package’ and can have beneficial therapeutic effects. But it lacks this ‘special’ ability that allows arbitrary parts of your nervous system to rhythmically entrain with one another. This “emergent metronome” on MDMA and 5-MeO-DMT works as a kind of universal “vibratory currency” and results in a reduction of inner dissonance to a much greater extent than (relatively) simple “energizers” like DMT.

To Wrap Up

We hope that the above discussion has given you an idea about the difference between DMT and 5-MeO-DMT and why this matters for their therapeutic potential. The above is just the start of a deep inquiry into the topic that will certainly take many years, but we believe that it is a novel way of seeing the contrast between these two substances that may be generative for others. We also believe that it is very worth trying: nailing down this difference may be incredibly important to develop novel ways of treating mental illness. While DMT will undoubtedly continue to dazzle and amaze people curious about the state-space of consciousness, the superlative potential of 5-MeO-DMT to heal trauma puts it on a different level of importance altogether.

In the future we shall also explain why MDMA and ketamine have this potential. And ultimately, as we begin to understand what makes these substances so special, we hope to find ways of creating effective therapies from first principles. Stay tuned.



* The toad venom dose was 50mg, with an estimated 5-7mg of 5-MeO-DMT. This is admittedly likely to produce somewhat more potent effects than just 5 to 7mg of pure 5-MeO-DMT. But the extent of this enhancement is currently poorly understood, and you can find many people online saying that the difference is tiny and others who argue it is enormous. Given just how intense and qualitatively unique pure 5-MeO-DMT already is, I think that applying Occam’s razor would tell us that “it’s just the 5-MeO-DMT itself”. So while I am ready to accept the possibility of profound synergy between other tryptamines in toad venom and 5-MeO, I am not holding my breath for it. I, rather, expect that the difference between 5-MeO alone and the full-spectrum stuff will be akin to the difference between drinking 10 shots of vodka and drinking 10 shots of vodka and one chamomile tea. Namely, a real but largely inconsequential difference.

** This, of course, blends well with the Symmetry Theory of Valence, a subject to which we shall return in the near future.

*** This is where information-less states are those which are perfectly symmetrical, and the information content of a state is defined as the minimum number of symmetry breaking operations needed to transform an information-less state into it.

**** This is admittedly very weak evidence so far. If you have experience with both of these compounds and have explored the way in which they give rise to after-images, please let me know if you can confirm or deny the effect here mentioned.


Picture: Andrés & Claudia Silva Ruiz